%0 Journal Article %A Freen-van Heeren , J.J. %A Nicolet, Benoit P. %A Wolkers, Monika C. %D 2018 %I Begell House %K Flow-FISH, T cells, effector function, RNA, cytokines %N 2 %P 131-143 %R 10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2018025938 %T Measuring T Cell Responses by Flow Cytometry–Based Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization %U https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/2ff21abf44b19838,443ae0ff4b5271d1,23f50f2f2921b984.html %V 38 %X T cells produce a wide variety of effector molecules in response to infections, such as cytokines, chemokines, granzymes, and perforins. Because different stimuli promote the production of specific effector molecules, T cell responses come in different flavors. In addition, single-cell analysis of protein production revealed that T cells respond heterogeneously to activation. To unravel the regulatory mechanisms that determine T cell effector function, novel methods were developed that simultaneously measure protein levels with the corresponding mRNA. These flow cytometry-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (Flow-FISH) technologies allow for multiparameter analysis with single-cell resolution of both nucleic acids and proteins. Here, we review the currently available methods of Flow-FISH and describe the possible applications thereof, with a specific focus on T cells. %8 2018-04-26