DOI: 10.1615/ICHMT.2009.CONV
ISBN Print: 978-1-56700-261-4
ISSN Online: 2642-3499
ISSN Flash Drive: 2642-3502
POWER PRODUCTION LIMITS IN STATIC AND DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS
摘要
This research develops a thermodynamic approach to modeling and power optimization of nonlinear energy converters, such like thermal, solar and chemical engines. Thermodynamic principles lead to converter’s efficiency and limiting generated power. Efficiency equations serve to solve problems of upgrading and downgrading of a resource medium. Real work yield is a cumulative effect obtained in a system of a resource fluid, engines, and an infinite bath. While optimization of steady systems requires using of differential calculus and Lagrange multipliers, dynamic optimization involves variational calculus and dynamic programming. The primary result of the static optimization is a limiting value of power, whereas that of the dynamic optimization (treated here with a particular care) is a finite-rate counterpart of the classical reversible work potential (exergy). This generalized potential depends on thermal coordinates and a dissipation index, h, which is, in fact, a system’s Hamiltonian. The generalized potential implies stronger bounds on work delivered or supplied than the reversible work potential. In reacting systems chemical affinity constitutes a prevailing component of an overall thermal efficiency. Therefore, in reacting mixtures flux balances are applied to derive power yield in terms of an active part of chemical affinity.