Erscheint 6 Ausgaben pro Jahr
ISSN Druckformat: 2150-766X
ISSN Online: 2150-7678
Indexed in
FAST COOK-OFF ANALYSIS OF THE PBXN-5 BOOSTER EXPLOSIVE
ABSTRAKT
This paper investigates the effect of different densities and confining materials on violence of the reaction and response times of PBXN-5 booster explosives under fast cook-off conditions. The work recommends the use of booster explosives in explosive trains and also looks at decreasing the vulnerability of the booster explosives in practical use. The results show that when the density of PBXN-5 explosive is about 80% theoretical maximum density (TMD), the reaction is violent. When the densities are from 91.5% to 80.0% TMD, the severity of reaction is stronger. When the density is about 75.0% TMD, the charge just deflagrates. When the density is about 93.0% TMD, the pressure burst occurs. The response times of reaction could be delayed by using high-strength shells.
-
Atwood, A.I., Curran, P.O., and Lee, K.B., (2003) The Effect of Initial Porosity on Cook-Off Reaction Violence, Int. Annual Conf.-Fraunhofer Institut Chemische Technologie, p. P131.
-
Atwood, A.I., Curran, P.O., Bui, D.T., Boggs, T.L., and Lee, K.B., (2002) Energetic Material Response in a Cook-Off Model Validation Experiment, Proc. of the 12th Int. Detonation Symp., San Diego, CA.
-
Cheese, P., Reeves, T., White, N., Stennett, C., Wood, A., and Cook, M.D., (2018) Development of a Dual Windowed Test Vehicle for Live Streaming of Cook-Off in Energetic Materials, AIP Conf. Proc., 1979(1), p. 150009.
-
Cook, M.D. and Stennett, C., (2018) One-Dimensional Thermal Violence Cook-Off Test, AIP Con. Proc., 1979(1), p. 150010.
-
Dagley, I.J., Parker, R.P., Jones, D.A., andMontelli, L., (1996) Simulation and Moderation of the Thermal Response of Confined Pressed Explosive Compositions, Combust. Flame, 106(4), pp. 428-441.
-
Department of Defense, (1994) Department of Defense Test Method Standard: Hazard Assessment Tests for Non-Nuclear Munitions, Rep. MIL-STD-2105B.
-
Dickson, P.M., Asay, B.W., Henson, B.F., and Smilowitz, L.B., (2004) Thermal Cook-Off Response of ConfinedPBX 9501, P. Roy. SocA-Math. Phy., 460(2052), pp. 3447-3455.
-
Garcia, F., Forbes, J.W., Tarver, C.M., Urtiew, P.A., Greenwood, D.W., and Vandersall, K.S., (2002) Pressure Wave Measurements from Thermal Cook-Off of an HMX based High Explosive PBX 9501, AIP Conf. Proc, 620(1), pp. 882-885.
-
Garcia, F., Vandersall, K.S., Forbes, J.W., Tarver, C.M., and Greenwood, D., (2006) Thermal Cook-Off Experiments of the HMX Based High Explosive LX-04 to Characterize Violence with Varying Confinement, AIP Conf. Proc., 845(1), pp. 1061-1064.
-
Gross, M.L., Hedman, T.D., and Meredith, K.V., (2016) Considerations for Fast Cook-Off Simulations, Propell. Explos. Pyrot., 41(6), pp. 1036-1043.
-
Hsu, P.C., Zhang, M.X., Pagoria, P., Springer, H.K., and Fried, L., (2017) Thermal Safety Characterization and Explosion Violence of Energetic Materials, AIP Conf. Proc., 1793(1), p. 040033.
-
Li, D.L. and Yin, S.Y., (2006) Elasticity and Plasticity, Wuhan, China: China University of Geosciences.
-
Li, W., Yu, Y., and Ye, R., (2018) Effects of Charge Size on Slow Cook-Off Characteristics of AP/HTPB Composite Propellant in Base Bleed Unit, Propell. Explos. Pyrotech., 43(4), pp. 404-412.
-
Price, D., (1986) Effect of Particle Size on the Shock Sensitivity of Pure Porous HE (High Explosive), Naval Surface Weapons Center, Silver Spring, MD, Tech Rep. No. NSWC/TR-86-336.
-
Qiu, S.Q. andZhu, G.H., (1996) The Principle and Technology of Electrical Furnace Making Steel, Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press.
-
Rae, P. J., Bauer, C.L., Stennett, C., and Flower, H.M., (2010) Small Scale Thermal Violence Experiments for Combined Insensitive High Explosive and Booster Materials, Los Alamos National Lab (LANL), Los Alamos, NM, Rep. Nos. LA-UR-10-01669; LA-UR-10-1669.
-
Sahin, H., Narin, B., and Kurtulus, D.F., (2016) Development of a Design Methodology against Fast Cook-Off Threat for Insensitive Munitions, Propell. Explos. Pyrotech., 41(3), pp. 580-587.
-
Sumrall, T.S., (1999) Large Scale Fast Cook-Off Sensitivity Results of a Melt Castable General Purpose Insensitive High Explosive, Propell. Explos. Pyrotech., 24(2), pp. 61-64.
-
Talawar, M.B., Agrawal, A.P., Anniyappan, M., Wani, D.S., Bansode, M.K., and Gore, G.M., (2006) Primary Explosives: Electrostatic Discharge Initiation, Additive Effect and Its Relation to Thermal and Explosive Characteristics, J. Hazard. Mater., 137(2), pp. 1074-1078.
-
Wen, S.G., Wang, S.Q., Huang, W.B., Zhao, F., Wang, S.Y., and Yao, B.X., (2006) The Effect of Density in Composition B on Deflagration-Detonation-Transition Behavior, Chinese J. Explos. Propell., 29(5), pp. 5-8.
-
Yan, X., Li, X.D., Zhang, Y.R., Liu, L., Zhang, X.M., Tan, Y.X., Wang, H., and Wang, X.Q., (2018) Effects of Polymeric Binders on the RDX-Based Explosive Response Character under Slow Cook-Off Conditions, Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater., 15(2), pp. 339-350.
-
Yang, H.W., Yu, Y.G., Ye, R., Xue, X.C., and Li, W.F., (2016) Cook-Off Test and Numerical Simulation of AP/HTPB Composite Solid Propellant, J. Loss Prevent. Proc, 40, pp. 1-9.
-
Zhang, G.R. and Chen, D.N., (1991) Kinetics of Condensed Explosives Detonation, Beijing: National Defense Industry.