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Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants

Erscheint 4 Ausgaben pro Jahr

ISSN Druckformat: 1050-6934

ISSN Online: 1940-4379

SJR: 0.184 SNIP: 0.485 CiteScore™:: 1.1 H-Index: 39

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Recommendations for Postexposure Prophylaxis of Operating Room Personnel and Patients Exposed to Bloodborne Diseases

Volumen 13, Ausgabe 2, 2003, 14 pages
DOI: 10.1615/JLongTermEffMedImplants.v13.i2.50
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ABSTRAKT

The purpose of this collective review is to discuss management of operating room personnel who have had occupational exposure to blood and other body fluids that might contain hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). HBV postexposure prophylaxis includes starting hepatitis B vaccine series in any susceptible unvaccinated operating room personnel who sustain an exposure to blood or body fluid during surgery. Postexposure prophylaxis with hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) is an important consideration after determining the hepatitis B antigen status of the patient. Ideally, all operating room personnel should be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine before they pursue their career in surgery. Immune globulin and antiviral agents (e.g., interferon with or without ribavirin) should not be used for postexposure prophylaxis of operating room personnel exposed to patients with HCV; rather, follow-up HCV testing should be initiated to determine if infection develops. Postexposure prophylaxis for HIV involves a basic four-week regimen of two drugs (zidovudine and lamivudine; lamivudine and stavudine; or didanosine and stavudine) for most exposures. An expanded regimen that includes a third drug must be considered for HIV exposures that pose an increased risk for transmission. When developing a postexposure prophylaxis regimen, it is helpful to contact the National Clinicians' Postexposure Prophylaxis Hotline (1-888-448-4911).

REFERENZIERT VON
  1. Edlich Richard F., Clark Jamie J., Stevens Holly S., Dahlstrom Jill J., Gubler K. Dean, Long Willam B., Reduced access to the National Clinicians' Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Hotline. A health care crisis, The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 28, 8, 2010. Crossref

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