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Atomization and Sprays

Erscheint 12 Ausgaben pro Jahr

ISSN Druckformat: 1044-5110

ISSN Online: 1936-2684

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 1.2 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 1.8 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.3 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00095 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.28 SJR: 0.341 SNIP: 0.536 CiteScore™:: 1.9 H-Index: 57

Indexed in

AIR-ASSIST PRESSURE-SWIRL ATOMIZATION

Volumen 9, Ausgabe 2, 1999, pp. 173-192
DOI: 10.1615/AtomizSpr.v9.i2.40
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ABSTRAKT

The performance of an air-assist pressure-swirl atomizer and, more important, its limitations are described. The design of the present atomizer is based on a pressure-swirl nozzle, but differs from conventional single-phase pressure-swirl designs in that the liquid film in the exit orifice is stabilized by axially injecting air through the upstream plane of the swirl chamber.
The present study includes drop size data obtained using a Malvern 2600 HSD particle size analyzer. Atomizer performance was assessed using three different nozzle configurations and four different liquids. The drop size data indicate that an increase in liquid supply pressure, liquid mass flow rate, or atomizing air-to-liquid ratio by mass (ALR) leads to a decrease in Sauter mean diameter (SMD). It also shows that spray quality (i.e., mean drop size) is independent of swirl chamber geometry at constant liquid supply pressure and ALR for low-viscosity liquids. Atomizer exit orifice diameter has little effect on SMD when operating at constant liquid supply pressure for these same low-viscosity liquids. However, the effects of liquid mass flow rate and exit orifice diameter are coupled with an increase in exit orifice diameter, leading to an increase in SMD when liquid mass flow rate is constant. The influence of both swirl chamber and exit orifice diameter is enhanced when liquid viscosity climbs to 0.010 kg/m-s. In these cases, SMD increases with a decrease in swirl chamber diameter regardless of whether liquid mass flow rate or supply pressure is kept constant. SMD continues to decrease with a decrease in exit orifice diameter for both the constant liquid mass flow rate and constant liquid supply pressure cases. Finally, the data indicate that mean drop size increases with an increase in either liquid viscosity or surface tension.
A first principles model was developed to explain the observed SMD scaling with operating conditions, nozzle configuration, and liquid physical properties. It combines the classical inviscid analysis for the flow inside a pressure-swirl atomizer with a correlation for the air-to-liquid velocity slip ratio, a geometric model for ligament formation, and a linear fluid mechanical instability analysis to describe ligament breakup. Model predictions reflect the observed SMD scaling with variations in liquid supply pressure, liquid mass flow rate, ALR, swirl chamber diameter, exit orifice chamber diameter, and surface tension. Accuracy is best for intermediate and high liquid delivery rates. Viscosity scaling is not captured accurately. That lack is ascribed to the inviscid internal flow model employed here, which cannot account for the increase in liquid film thickness with an increase in liquid viscosity.

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