RT Journal Article ID 21cb4ca922f1754b A1 Paz-Priel , Ido A1 Friedman, Alan T1 C/EBPα Dysregulation in AML and ALL JF Critical Reviews™ in Oncogenesis JO CRO YR 2011 FD 2011-12-05 VO 16 IS 1-2 SP 93 OP 102 K1 leukemia K1 myeloid K1 differentiation K1 hematopoiesis AB The transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein a (C/EBPα) is a critical regulator of myeloid development, directing granulocyte, and monocyte differentiation. As such, it is dysregulated in more than half of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). C/EBPα expression is suppressed as result of common leukemia-associated genetic and epigenetic alterations such as AML1-ETO, BCR-ABL, FLT3-ITD, or CEBPA promoter methylation. In addition, 10-15% of patients with AML with intermediate risk cytogenetics are characterized by mutations of the CEBPA gene. Two classes of mutations are described. N-terminal changes result in expression of a truncated dominant negative C/EBPαp30 isoform. C-terminal mutations are in-frame insertions or deletions resulting in alteration of the leucine zipper preventing dimerization and DNA binding. Often, patients carry both N- and C-terminal mutations each affecting a different allele, and a mouse model recapitulates the human phenotype. Patients with mutated CEBPA AML comprise a clinically distinct group with favorable outcome consistently seen in patients with biallelic mutations. In addition, C/EBP family members are aberrantly expressing from the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus in 2% of pre-B ALLs. This review summarizes the normal hematopoietic developmental pathways regulated by C/EBPα and discusses the molecular pathways involved in mutated CEBPA AML and ALL. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/439f422d0783386a,049e8a5e62fb019e,21cb4ca922f1754b.html