RT Journal Article ID 5453e7eb10564e78 A1 Rossol, Manuela A1 Heine, Holger A1 Meusch, Undine A1 Quandt, Dagmar A1 Klein, Carina A1 Sweet, Matthew J. A1 Hauschildt, Sunna T1 LPS-induced Cytokine Production in Human Monocytes and Macrophages JF Critical Reviews™ in Immunology JO CRI YR 2011 FD 2011-11-29 VO 31 IS 5 SP 379 OP 446 K1 monocytes K1 LPS K1 macrophages K1 TNF K1 IL-1 K1 TLR4 K1 cytokines AB Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria is one of the most potent innate immune-activating stimuli known. Here we review the current understanding of LPS effects on human monocyte and macrophage function. We provide an overview of LPS signal transduction with attention given to receptor cooperativity and species differences in LPS responses, as well as the role of tyrosine phosphorylation and lysine acetylation in signalling. We also review LPS-regulated transcription, with emphasis on chromatin remodeling and primary versus secondary transcriptional control mechanisms. Finally, we review the regulation and function of LPS-inducible cytokines produced by human monocytes and macrophages including TNFα, the IL-1 family, IL-6, IL-8, the IL-10 family, the IL-12 family, IL-15 and TGFβ. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/2ff21abf44b19838,47d4cd1f0e2c889b,5453e7eb10564e78.html