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Heat and Mass Transfer in Severe Nuclear Reactor Accidents. Proceedings of the International Symposium
May, 22-26, 1995 , Kusadasi, Turkey

DOI: 10.1615/ICHMT.1995.RadTransfProcHeatMassTransfSevNuclReactAcc


ISBN Print: 978-1-56700-059-7

CANADIAN INVOLVEMENT IN RBMK SAFETY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMMES

DOI: 10.1615/ICHMT.1995.RadTransfProcHeatMassTransfSevNuclReactAcc.60
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ABSTRAKT

In 1992 at the Munich G-7 Summit Meeting the safety of Soviet-designed reactors in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) countries was raised as a priority issue and the G-7 governments established both Bi-lateral and Multi-lateral programmes of assistance to these countries. A Nuclear Safety Account (NSA)was established by 13 participating governments to fund a series of grants to selected nuclear power plants, the fund being administered on their behalf by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. As a member of the G-7 Canada contributed to this multinational safety fund.
The NSA funds both technical improvements at selected sites as well as the project management teams needed to develop specifications, contracts and review bids for these safety improvements. AECL has concentrated its efforts on RBMK reactors because of its expertise in the design and construction of CANDU channel type reactors which share certain similarities with the RBMK. Specifically it is participating in two programmes funded by EBRD for the Ignalina NPP (INРР) in Lithuania; one related to the design of a diverse shutdown system and associated activation sensors and logic, the second related to the preparation of a western styled safety analysis in conjunction with Vattenfall from Sweden and Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation from the United States, the RBMK Chief Design organisation and INPP staff. The objective of this latter study is to apply western type tools and methodology to an extensive analysis of both the station operation, its safety management practices and the accident analysis. The work is currently underway and the paper will describe the process and progress to date.
In 1992 the Canadian Government announced the $30 M CDN Canadian Nuclear Safety Initiative aimed at providing regulatory, design, operational and utility support for RBMK reactors in Russia and Lithuania. As part of this programme AECL developed a Nuclear Safety and Engineering Programme (NSEP) which has four parts. (1) An operating team initially residing at one RBMK station and then rotating to others, aimed at introducing western operating practices and safety culture to NPPs with RBMK reactors. (2) An engineering and safety team located in Moscow to work with RBMK design institutes to address some short term safety design improvements and introduce Canadian expertise in the area of fuel channel inspection techniques. (3) A programme which will be carried out both in Canada and Russia. (4) An operations staff exchange programme.
As part of the CNSI Canada participated in the 8 nation International RBMK Safety Review which undertook an extensive review of the design and operation of an RBMK based primarily upon Unit 3 at Smolensk. The results of this review were reported in June 1994 and the paper will discuss highlights in various areas with particular emphasis on the accident analysis.

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