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Critical Reviews™ in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine

Publicado 4 números por año

ISSN Imprimir: 0896-2960

ISSN En Línea: 2162-6553

SJR: 0.141 SNIP: 0.129 CiteScore™:: 0.6 H-Index: 18

Indexed in

Neuromuscular Stimulation for Motor Neuroprosthesis in Hemiplegia

Volumen 12, Edición 1, 2000, 24 pages
DOI: 10.1615/CritRevPhysRehabilMed.v12.i1.10
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SINOPSIS

Functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) is defined as the use of electrical stimulation to activate paralyzed or paretic muscles in precise sequence and intensity to assist in the performance of activities of daily living (ADL). Devices or systems that provide FNS are also appropriately called neuroprostheses because they substitute for lost muscle function due to paralysis. The focus of this article is to review the development of neuroprostheses systems for hemiplegia. The physiology of neuromuscular stimulation and the evolution of FNS system components and designs are reviewed. The clinical implementation of FNS for the hemiplegia population will be discussed with respect to upper and lower extremity applications. Clinically deployed hand neuroprostheses systems are now available for the tetraplegia population. Thus, it is reasonable to transfer this technology to the hemiplegia population. However, the development of hand neuroprostheses in hemiplegia has been hampered by the significant differences in motor control dysfunction and functional specifications between hemiplegia and tetraplegia. Lower extremity neuroprostheses for the spinal cord injury population has been under development for decades with limited clinical deployment. However, due to the less rigorous technical demands and potential for significant functional yield, the development of lower extremity neuroprostheses systems for hemiplegia should be more aggressively pursued. Perspectives on the future developments and directions are presented.

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