Publication de 4 numéros par an
ISSN Imprimer: 0731-8898
ISSN En ligne: 2162-6537
Indexed in
Spectroscopic Measurements of Photoinduced Processes in Human Skin after Topical Application of the Hexyl Ester of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid
RÉSUMÉ
Although 5-aminolevulinic acid, ALA, and its derivatives, have been widely studied and applied in clinical photodynamic therapy (PDT), there is still a lack of reliable and non-invasive methods and technologies to evaluate physiological parameters of relevance for the therapy, such as erythema, melanogenesis, and oxygen level. We have investigated the kinetics of these parameters in human skin in vivo during and after PDT with the hexyl ester of ALA, ALA-Hex. Furthermore, the depth of photosensitizer (protoporphyrin IX, PpIX) production after different application times was investigated. It was found that the depth increased with increasing application time of ALA-Hex. We also investigated the depth of PpIX before and after light exposure causing 50% photobleaching at 407 nm. The PpIX localized in superficial layers of the normal tissue was removed during the bleaching. Thus, after bleaching, the remaining PpIX was localized mainly in the deeper layers of normal tissue. We have applied fluorescence emission spectroscopy, fluorescence excitation spectroscopy, and reflectance spectroscopy in the study of the above-mentioned parameters. In conclusion, fluorescence excitation spectroscopy and reflectance spectroscopy are simple, useful, reliable, and noninvasive techniques in the evaluation of the processes taking place in human skin in vivo during and after PDT. Using these methods we were able to quantify melanogenesis, O2 level, erythema, vasoconstriction, and vasodilatation.
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Togsverd-Bo Katrine, Idorn Luise W., Philipsen Peter A., Wulf Hans Christian, Haedersdal Merete, Protoporphyrin IX formation and photobleaching in different layers of normal human skin: Methyl- and hexylaminolevulinate and different light sources, Experimental Dermatology, 21, 10, 2012. Crossref
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Middelburg T.A., de Bruijn H.S., Tettero L., van der Ploeg van den Heuvel A., Neumann H.A.M., de Haas E.R.M., Robinson D.J., Topical hexylaminolevulinate and aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy: Complete arteriole vasoconstriction occurs frequently and depends on protoporphyrin IX concentration in vessel wall, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 126, 2013. Crossref
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Juzeniene Asta, Nielsen Kristian Pagh, Zhao Lu, Ryzhikov Gennady A., Biryulina Marina S., Stamnes Jakob J., Stamnes Knut, Moan Johan, Changes in human skin after topical PDT with hexyl aminolevulinate, Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, 5, 3, 2008. Crossref
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Juzeniene Asta, Juzenas Petras, Iani Vladimir, Moan Johan, Reflectance spectroscopy and fluorescein angiography applied to assess photodynamic response in healthy mouse skin treated with topical hexylaminolevulinate, Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, 7, 4, 2010. Crossref
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Piffaretti Filippo M., Santhakumar Kanappan, Forte Eddy, van den Bergh Hubert E., Wagnières Georges A., Optical fiber-based setup for in vivo measurement of the delayed fluorescence lifetime of oxygen sensors, Journal of Biomedical Optics, 16, 3, 2011. Crossref
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Baglo Yan, Sousa Mirta M. L., Slupphaug Geir, Hagen Lars, Håvåg Sissel, Helander Linda, Zub Kamila A., Krokan Hans E., Gederaas Odrun A., Photodynamic therapy with hexyl aminolevulinate induces carbonylation, posttranslational modifications and changed expression of proteins in cell survival and cell death pathways, Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, 10, 7, 2011. Crossref
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Nielsen K.P., Zhao L., Ryzhikov G.A., Biryulina M.S., Sommersten E.R., Stamnes J.J., Stamnes K., Moan J., Retrieval of the physiological state of human skin from UV–Vis reflectance spectra – A feasibility study, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 93, 1, 2008. Crossref
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Stamnes Knut, Stamnes Jakob J., Radiative Transfer in Coupled Systems, in Light Scattering Reviews, Vol. 6, 2012. Crossref
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Foged Camilla, Philipsen Peter Alshede, Wulf Hans Christian, Haedersdal Merete, Togsverd-Bo Katrine, Skin surface Protoporphyrin IX fluorescence is associated with epidermal but not dermal fluorescence intensities, Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, 30, 2020. Crossref