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NATURAL CONVECTION IN A SQUARE CAVITY FILLED WITH A NON-DARCY POROUS MEDIUM SATURATED WITH NANOFLUID BY THE BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD

Volume 20, Numéro 10, 2017, pp. 921-939
DOI: 10.1615/JPorMedia.v20.i10.40
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RÉSUMÉ

Natural convection in a differentially heated square cavity filled with nanofluid-saturated porous media is analyzed numerically using the boundary element method (BEM). The mathematical model for fluid flow through porous media is based on the Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer formulation; moreover, a single-phase nanofluid model was used. The coupled set of partial differential equations is solved with the numerical algorithm, which is based on the combination of single and subdomain BEM and solves the velocity–vorticity formulation of the governing equations. The simulations for different nanofluid suspensions of Cu, Al2O3, and TiO2 solid nanoparticles in water as a base fluid saturating porous media were performed. The effects of solid volume fraction of nanoparticles, porosity of porous media, and various thermophysical parameters on heat transfer and fluid flow regime were investigated. The developed numerical algorithm has been validated by a comparison to available published numerical results. The addition of nanoparticles into a base fluid in saturated porous media seems to enhance the heat transfer in case of a conduction flow regime, where higher values of Nusselt numbers are observed with an increase of solid volume fraction of nanoparticles. On the other hand, the addition of nanoparticles into a base fluid diminishes the convection in porous media in case of a Darcy flow regime, which results in lower values of the Nusselt number.

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