Begell House Inc.
International Journal on Algae
IJA
1521-9429
16
3
2014
Biogeography of Bacillariophyta. Main Concepts and Approaches
207-228
10.1615/InterJAlgae.v16.i3.10
M.S.
Kulikovskiy
Institute of Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia
I. V.
Kuznetsova
I.D. Papanin Institute of Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Settle of Borok, Nekouzskiy District, Yaroslavl Region 152742, Russia
Bacillariophyta
protists
biogeography
distribution
species and species concepts
cryptic taxa
endemics and endemism
cosmopolitan taxa
The historical reasons for the formation of approaches to biogeography and distribution of diatoms are analyzed. One of the prevailing concepts was cosmopolitan distribution of diatoms. Approach described by sentence "everything is everywhere, the environment selects" is discussed. The idea concerning local distribution of many taxa is substantiated; it is supported by modern ideas about species concept in diatoms and presence of cryptic and pseudocryptic diversity. New data about allopatric and sympatric speciation in diatoms and other protists are discussed. Presence of species flocks in ancient basins, flagship taxa, hotspots and dark diversity are discussed and illustrated by original data. The concept of endemic areas is discussed.
Seasonal Quantitative Dynamics of Periphyton Bacillariophyta on Experimental Glass Slides Exposed Monthly in a Coastal Seawater Area of the Crimea
229-236
10.1615/InterJAlgae.v16.i3.20
D. S.
Balycheva
A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, NAS of Ukraine 2, Nakhimov Ave., Sevastopol 99011, Ukraine
diatoms
periphyton of glass slides
Black Sea
Seasonal dynamics of species composition, species richness (S), abundance (N), biomass (B) of periphyton diatoms were studied using Shannon (H), Pielou (e) and Barger-Parker (DBP) indices. The experimental design included a monthly exposition of glass slides made from samples of Bacillariophyta in the Karantinnaya Bay of Sevastopol from December 2010 to January 2012; temperature in the seawater ranged from 7.5 to 22.5 °C. In total, 55 taxa (3 classes, 14 orders, 24 families, 49 genera) of Bacillariophyta were found; 11 species were dominant, 5 of them prevailed in abundance and 9 in biomass. The averages derived for the periphyton diatom community varied as follows: S − from 7 to 25, N − from 57·103 to 1229·103 cell·cm−2, B − from 0.007 to 0.353 mg·cm−2, H − from 1.4 to 3.3, and e − from 0.36 to 0.73, DBP − from 17 to 71.
Bacillariophyta in Aquatic Ecosystems of Arctic Tundra of Western Yamal (Hkarasaveiyakha River Basin, Russia)
237-249
10.1615/InterJAlgae.v16.i3.30
S. I.
Genkal
Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters RAS, Settle Borok, Nekouz District, Yaroslavl Region 152742, Russia
M. I.
Yarushina
Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch, RAS,
202, 8 Marta St., Yekaterinburg 620144, Russia
Yamal Peninsula
Hkarasaveiyakha River basin
water bodies
water courses
phytoplankton
diatom algae
electron microscopy
The first SEM study of algal flora (Bacillariophyta) of water bodies of the Hkarasaveiyakha River Basin has revealed 214 taxa of diatom algae from 50 genera including 126 taxa new for the flora of Yamal Peninsula and 19 taxa first cited for the flora of Russia. The highest number of species has been recorded in genera Eunotia (16), Nitzschia (17), Pinnularia (30), and Navicula (35).
New Variety Peridinium gatunense Nygaard var. kinnereta Krachmalny (Dinophyta) from Lake Kinneret (Israel)
250-255
10.1615/InterJAlgae.v16.i3.40
A. F.
Krakhmalnyi
Institute for Evolutionary Ecology, NAS of Ukraine,
37 Acad. Lebedeva Str., Kiev 03143, Ukraine
Solomon P.
Wasser
International Centre for Biotechnology and Biodiversity of Fungi,
Institute of Evolution and Faculty of Natural Sciences,
University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel
Eviatar D.
Nevo
Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, 199 Abba Khousi Ave., Mt. Carmel, Haifa 3498838, Israel
L. M.
Kapitanchuk
E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute, NAS of Ukraine, 11, Bozhenko St., Kiev 03680, Ukraine
Israel
Lake Kinneret
Peridinium gatunense var. kinnereta Krachmalny var. nov.
Dinophyta
Dinoflagellata.
The diagnosis and pictures of the new variety Peridinium gatunense var. kinnereta Krachmalny var. nov. from Lake Kinneret (Israel) are given. This variety differs from the type in morphology and position of the apical plates and sutures (1' − asymmetrical, large, upper part is shifted to the left side of the body; 3' − wedge, elongated; 4' − almost rectangular, its length more than twice exceeds the width; sutures between 4' and 7'', 4' and 1' plates form an almost straight line; suture between 1' and 2' is considerably smaller than the suture between 1' and 4' plates, consequently the shape of the plate 1' is close to triangular). Specimens of P. gatunense var. kinnereta were compared with samples from other regions where this species is recorded: fresh reservoirs of North, Central and South Americas, Central Africa, Europe, and Tasmania.
Some Peculiarities of the Destruction of Cladophora sivashensis C. Meyer (Chlorophyta) Organic Matter in Brine
256-262
10.1615/InterJAlgae.v16.i3.50
A. M.
Solonenko
Bogdan Khmelnytsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University,
Department of Botany and Landscape Gardening,
59 Naukovoho Mistechka Str., Zaporizhzhja 69017, Ukraine
destruction
brine
amphibian areas
Cladophora sivaschensis
Chlorophyta
The process of the destruction of organic matter produced by chlorophyte Cladophora sivaschensis were studied. Alga lives in the brine of the coastal areas of Berdyansk Spit near Lake Krasnoye and Arabat Spit near Lake Zyablovskoye. It is shown that the destruction of C. sivaschensis organic matter causes the changes of pH of environment and the decrease of the dissolved oxygen concentration. The most intensive destruction occurs at average summer temperature (25 °C) on the 15th−25th day and at average annual temperature (14 °C) on the 20th−25th day.
Comparison of Water Bloom and Fire on the Phytoplankton−Macrophytes Algal System
263-270
10.1615/InterJAlgae.v16.i3.60
G. G.
Minicheva
Institute of Marine Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 37, Pushkinskaya St., Odesa 65048, Ukraine
A. B.
Zotov
Institute of Marine Biology, NAS of Ukraine, 37 Pushkinskaya St., Odessa 65011, Ukraine
E. S.
Kalashnik
Institute of Marine Biology, NAS of Ukraine, 7 Pushkinskaya St., Odessa 65011, Ukraine
water bloom
fire
phytoplankton
macrophytes
r- and k-strategies
Northwestern Black Sea
Morphofunctional responses of phytoplankton−macrophytes algal systems of the northwestern part of the Black Sea to climate anomalies in 2010 are regarded as an illustration of analogy of the blooms’ mechanisms in water and flames in terrestrial ecosystems. An ecological point of similarities in these phenomena is the rapid transformation of excess organic matter accumulated in the ecosystem to mineral forms. Successive changes in the vegetation component of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, due to the transition from species with r− to species with k−strategy, after water bloom and fire, have directly the opposite direction. It is concluded that fires and water blooms are similar phenomena in mechanisms of restoring the ecological health to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems that have excessive organic matter.
Production Characteristics of the Microalga Porphyridium purpureum (Bory) Drew Ross (Rhodophyta) in Batch and Quasi-Continuous Culture
271-283
10.1615/InterJAlgae.v16.i3.70
I. N.
Gudvilovich
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
A. V.
Borovkov
A.O.Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2, Nakhimov Pr., 99011 Sevastopol, Ukraine
Porphyridium purpureum
batch culture
quasi-continuous culture
the density of the culture
phycobiliproteins
productivity
The type of change in the pigment content of Porphyridium purpureum has been investigated in quasi-continuous cultures. The possibility of regulating the pigment content with varying specific flow rates has been shown. The relative content of pigments in biomass of P. purpureum in the range of specific flow rates of the medium 0.1−0.4 day−1 increased 50%. Productivity of P. purpureum increases with the growth of specific flow rates of the medium. The highest productivity of biomass and pigments is realized in the range of flow rates of the medium 0.3−0.4 day&minus1, and reaches of biomass − 0.5 g AFDW · L−1 day−1 and of B-phycoerythrin − 40 mg · L−1 day−1. The maximum pigment content in the biomass of P. purpureum was recorded at the specific flow rate 0.3−0.4 day−1. Productivity of quasi-continuous cultures of P. purpureum inbiomass and pigments is 1.5−3 times higher than its productivity in batch culture; these results are confirmed by experimental data.
Detalization of the Pliocene − Quaternary North Pacific Diatom Zonal Scale
284-306
10.1615/InterJAlgae.v16.i3.80
V. S.
Pushkar
Far East Geological Institute FEB of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 100 Letiya Ave., Vladivostok 690022, Russia; Vladivostok State University Economic and Service, 14 Gogolya Str., Vladivostok 690014, Russia
M. V.
Cherepanova
Biology and Soil Science Institute FEB RAS, 159, 100-letiya of Vladivostok Pr., Vladivostok 690022, Russia
O. Yu.
Likhacheva
Far East Geological Institute FEB of Russian Academy of Sciences,
159 100 Letiya Ave., Vladivostok 690022, Russia
diatoms
biostratigraphy
Pliocene
Quaternary
North Pacific
A high-resolution diatom zonal scale has been developed under the stratigraphic diatom distribution in the Pliocene and Quaternary North Pacific deposits. The levels of the first evolutionary appearance or extinction of some diatom species are the basis in establishing zonal boundaries. Proposed diatom zones are tracked in different facies of the North Pacific, mainly in subarctic latitudes. The analysis of the diatom appearance and disappearance at the boundaries in the deposits of different biogeographic zones shows a space-temporal shift of these boundaries forced by the rates in changes of paleo-populations densities and distribution areas during the expansion and degradation. This specification should be taken into account to provide the correlation between different biogeographic regions with specific features of surface water masses.