Begell House Inc.
Critical Reviews™ in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems
CRT
0743-4863
16
4
1999
Transdermal and Transmucosal Powdered Drug Delivery
331-384
10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.v16.i4.10
Terry L.
Burkoth
PowderJect Technologies Inc., 6511 Dumbarton Circle, Fremont, CA 94555
Brian J.
Bellhouse
Medical Engineering Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6PE, UK
Graeme
Hewson
PowderJect Pharmaceuticals plc, 4 Robert Robinson Avenue, Oxford Science Park, Oxford OX4 4GA, UK
David J.
Longridge
PowderJect Pharmaceuticals plc, 4 Robert Robinson Avenue, Oxford Science Park, Oxford OX4 4GA, UK
Andrew G.
Muddle
PowderJect Pharmaceuticals plc, 4 Robert Robinson Avenue, Oxford Science Park, Oxford OX4 4GA, UK
David F.
Sarphie
Progenica Ltd., Magdalen Center, Oxford Science Park, Oxford OX4 4GA, UK
High-velocity powder injection is a promising new drag-delivery technique that provides needle- and pain-free delivery of traditional drags, drags from biotechnology such as proteins, peptides, and oligonucleotides as well as traditional and genetic vaccines. The energy of a transient helium gas jet accelerates fine drag particles of 20 μ;m−100 μ;m diameter to high velocities and delivers them into skin or mucosal sites. This review describes the configuration and operating principles of devices that accelerate the particles, the required properties of the particles, the characteristics of the target tissues, and features of the developmental test methods. Preclinical and clinical results that best characterize the technology and introduce its potential as a drug-delivery platform are presented.
Phase-Transition Polymers for Drug Delivery
385-423
10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.v16.i4.20
Soon Hong
Yuk
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Han Nam University, 133 Ogeong-Dong, Taedeng Ku, Taejeon 306-791, Korea
You Han
Bae
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-Dong, Puk-Gu, Kwangju 500-712, Korea
Phase-transition polymers show changes in response to external stimuli, such as pH, temperature, light, metabolite, and electric current. Based on the stimuli-induced phase transition, many applications have been developed to improve drug delivery. This paper summarizes various phase-transition polymers and their applications relevant to modulated-drug delivery.