Begell House Inc.
International Journal of Energy for a Clean Environment
IJECE
2150-3621
17
2-4
2016
PREFACE: ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT, FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS
v
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2017019917
Andrey
Kuzmin
Insitute for Engineering Thermal Physics of NAS of Ukraine
energy; sustainability; environment; efficiency
POSSIBILITIES OF COMPLEX RECYCLING OF WASTES OF THE ENERGY ENTERPRISES OF PRIMORSKY KRAI
99-111
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2016018771
E. I.
Shamrai
Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
A. V.
Taskin
Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), Vladivostok, Russia
S. I.
Ivannikov
Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
Aleksandr A.
Yudakov
Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia; Far-Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
technogenic deposits of gold
wastes of energy enterprises
ash and slag
complex recycling of mineral raw materials
fine-dispersed gold
iron-bearing concentrate
coal underburning
The work presents the results of studying ash and slag disposal areas of Primorsky Krai energy enterprises − the objects with high concentrations of Au and Ag. The chemical and mineral contents of samples from the investigated ash and slag disposal areas have been determined. It is shown that the found particles of free gold and of other noble metals are mostly represented by fine and ultrafine sizes. It is also shown that morphology diversity is typical of gold microparticles. The patterns of Au collection and allocation during the working process in ash and slag waste (ASW) were found. The possibility of using the materials obtained during the separation of ASW as materials for different industries is shown. An appropriate, multistage way of complex ASW recycling has been developed. The possibility of creating a profitable plant for complex processing of ASW is shown. It is also shown that additional extraction of useful components from concentrates of gold and platinum group metals (PGM) can significantly reduce the payback period of production on complex processing of ASW.
EXTRACTION OF VALUABLE COMPONENTS FROM THE BOTTOM-ASH WASTE AT THE KHABAROVSK THERMAL POWER PLANT (RESULTS OF LABORATORY AND PILOT TESTS)
113-132
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2016019189
L. N.
Alekseiko
Far-Eastern Federal University (FEFU), Vladivostok, Russia
A. V.
Taskin
Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), Vladivostok, Russia
A. A.
Cherepanov
Yu. A. Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far-Eastern Branch, of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khabarovsk, Russia
Aleksandr A.
Yudakov
Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia; Far-Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
bottom-ash waste
ash-disposal areas
brown coals
gold
platinum
concentration plants
thermal power plant (TPP)
Khabarovsk City
The results of laboratory and pilot studies of complex processing of the bottom-ash waste of a thermal power plant are presented. Special attention is paid to the extraction, from this waste, of precious metals being in particulate form. Different variants of the concentration plants were
tested. The process flow schemes of waste processing with extraction of the valuable and especially valuable components have been developed.
STEEL HEATERS WITH IMPLANTED TITANIUM
133-144
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2016019362
A. V.
Katruha
V. N. Karazin Kharkov National University, Kharkov, Ukraine
Vitaly V.
Goncharov
Institute of Chemical Technologies of the V. Dal' East-Ukrainian National University, Rubizhne, Ukraine
V. O.
Zazhigalov
Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
steel heater
ionic implantation
heat transfer coefficient
The problem of energy saving is currently one of the most important in the world economy. The problem of creating fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly heating devices excites scientists around the world. Researchers are interested in making discoveries in the field of thermal physics, which
would allow designing heaters with the greatest efficiency at the same cost of equipment and material.
DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF ENRICHING LOW-GRADE SOLID FUELS WITH RECIRCULATING FLUE GASES FOR BOILER PLANTS
145-163
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2016019374
M. S.
Boyarkin
Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia
Vladislav N.
Kovalnogov
Heat Power Engineeirng Department, Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ulitsa Severnyy, Venets 32, Ulyanovsk 432027 Russia
T. V.
Karpukhina
Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia
Ruslan
Fedorov
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Problems in Energy Production, Ulyanovsk State Technical
University, Ulyanovsk, 432027, Russian Federation
low-grade fuel
flue gases
boiler
pellets
recirculation
modeling
A set of problems related to the modeling, investigation, and development of energy efficient technologies of burning low-grade solid fuels for boilers of small distributed power-engineering plants is discussed. The technology of enriching low-grade solid fuel pellets (obtained by pressing the wastes of timber and wood processing and of agricultural production) with recirculating flue gases from a boiler plant is presented. The technology provides for final drying and heating pellets with simultaneous saturation of their capillary-porous space with a synthesis gas and with combustible components of a recirculating gas. The arrangements contribute to the most complete combustion of pellets and to the improvement of fuel efficiency and environmental friendliness of a boiler plant. A mathematical model, difference approximation of differential equations defining the kinetics of heat and humidity state and saturation of pellets, as well as the calculation algorithm and some results of the numerical investigation of the parameters of pellet state in the process of enrichment with recirculating flue gases are given and discussed.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY AND HEAT CAPACITY OF COAL-WATER FUEL
165-185
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2016019411
Valeriya
Pinchuk
Head of Department of Thermal Engineering and Energy Technology, Dnipro University of Technology, Dnipro, Ukraine
T. A.
Sharabura
National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine, 4 Gagarin Ave., Dnipro, 49600,
Ukraine
Andrey
Kuzmin
Insitute for Engineering Thermal Physics of NAS of Ukraine
coal-water fuel
thermal conductivity coefficient
heat capacity
coal metamorphic stage
experimental investigations
numerical modeling
The paper is devoted to the study of the thermophysical properties of a coal-water fuel produced from high-ash coal or low-reactive coal. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the coal–water fuel was determined by combining a physical experiment with numerical modeling. It is shown that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the coal-water fuel varies from 0.41 to 0.81 W/(m·K) and its value
increases with temperature. These values are significantly higher than the value of the same coefficient of natural coal. The coefficient depends on the metamorphic stage of the coal and on the amount of mineral impurities and water contained in the fuel. It was also determined that an increase in the fraction of mineral impurities in coal up to 10% leads to an increase in the thermal conductivity
coefficient value to 9-10%. An increase in the water fraction in the coal-water fuel can lead either to an increase or to a decrease in the value of the thermal conductivity coefficient. The heat capacity of the coal-water fuel was investigated by using a calorimetric method. It is found that the heat capacity value of the coal-water fuel varies from 3.5 to 6.5 kJ/(kg·K). The value increases with temperature and depends on the fractions of mineral impurities and water in the fuel. The dependences of the thermal conductivity coefficient and heat capacity value of the coal-water fuel produced from coal of different metamorphic stages on the percentage fractions of water and coal phases in the fuel suspension and on the amount of mineral impurities are obtained from the analysis of experimental data.
HEAT TRANSFER OF R134a REFRIGERANT BOILING IN TUBULAR CHANNELS WITH TWISTED TAPE INSERTS
187-207
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2016019199
Andrey V.
Shishkin
Federal State Government-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev" (KAI), 10 Karl Marx Str., Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420111, Russia
Stanislav E.
Tarasevich
Federal State Government-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Kazan National Research Technical University
named after A. N. Tupolev" (KAI), 10 Karl Marx Str., Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420111, Russia
A. B.
Yakovlev
Federal State Government-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev" (KAI), 10 Karl Marx Str., Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420111, Russia
twisted tape
two-phase flow
refrigerant boiling
cord flow
The results of an experimental study of heat transfer of R134a refrigerant flow in tubular channels with twisted tape inserts are considered. The flow regime implemented under these conditions is shown. A criterial dependence generalizing experimental data on heat transfer of a boiling refrigerant
is presented.
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF HEAT REGENERATION PROCESS EFFICIENCY IN A HEAT PUMP WITH A MIXTURE OF REFRIGERANTS
209-222
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2017019186
Andrey A.
Sukhikh
National Research University "MPEI", Krasnokazarmennaya 17, 111250 Moscow, Russia
I. S.
Antanenkova
National Research University, Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Moscow,
Russia
V. N.
Kuznetsov
National Research University, Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Moscow,
Russia
E. V.
Mereutsa
National Research University, Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Moscow, Russia
Ereaihan
National Research University, Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Moscow,
Russia
heat pump
coolant
recuperator
heat exchanger
energy efficiency
coefficient of performance
This article presents the results of investigations of new heat pump refrigerants that provide a high-efficiency working cycle of heat pump. These refrigerants are mixtures of a few cooling agents, and they are more environmentally friendly than the traditional ones. The mixture components
used are C3F8 and SF6 (R218/R846). The specific differences in these refrigerants used in the heat pump thermodynamic cycle are shown, and their benefits are presented. The influence of the recuperative heat exchanger characteristics on the efficiency of heat pump operation was investigated by numerical and physical modeling. Investigations were carried out on the experimental facility of the Department of Theoretical Basics of Heat Engineering at the National Research University "Moscow Power Engineering Institute". The experimental facility was modernized by replacing the tubular (double-pipe) heat exchanger by a plate heat exchanger. This upgrading was made to decrease the flow resistance and increase the heating temperature at the compressor inlet for the refrigerant mixtures described above. Thermal testing of the plate heat exchanger was conducted. The efficiency of the plate heat exchanger as compared to the tubular one is shown.
DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTIGATION OF THE TECHNOLOGIES INVOLVING THERMAL PROTECTION OF SURFACES IMMERSED IN DISPERSE WORKING MEDIUM FLOW
223-239
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2016019409
Vladislav N.
Kovalnogov
Heat Power Engineeirng Department, Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ulitsa Severnyy, Venets 32, Ulyanovsk 432027 Russia
Ruslan
Fedorov
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Problems in Energy Production, Ulyanovsk State Technical
University, Ulyanovsk, 432027, Russian Federation
L. V.
Khakhaleva
Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia
Dmitriy A.
Generalov
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Problems in Energy Production, Ulyanovsk State Technical
University, Ulyanovsk, 432027, Russian Federation
A. V.
Chukalin
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Energy Problems, Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Severny Venets 32, 432027 Ulyanovsk, Russian Federation
thermal protection
disperse medium
turbine blade
cooling
modeling
The results of development and numerical investigation of thermal protection of the surfaces immersed in a disperse working fluid flow in relation to turbomachine blades are presented. The possibility of increasing the accuracy of prediction of the thermal state of blades by obtaining reliable data with the aid of the developed mathematical model and the unique complex of modeling programs is shown. The possibilities and conditions of increasing the efficiency of turbine blades cooling by using damping cavities are investigated.
INTERCOMPONENT MASS TRANSFER IN SWIRLING GAS-DISPERSION FLOW WITH COUNTERFLOW OF COMPONENTS
241-259
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2016019364
O. N.
Tsybulskaya
Institute of Chemistry of Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia; Far-Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
Aleksandr A.
Yudakov
Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia; Far-Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
T. V.
Ksenik
Institute of Chemistry of Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
mass transfer
gas-dispersion flow
coefficient of mass transfer
criterial dependences
The results of investigation of the intercomponent mass transfer in swirling gas-dispersion flow are presented and, based on the experiment, the intercomponent coefficients of mass transfer were determined. The criterial dependences and generalized equations for calculation of the effective
mass transfer, which are suitable for engineering practice, are obtained. The experimental data suggests the high intensity of mass transfer in gas-dispersion flow with counterflow of phases. By the example of the hydrofobization process of mineral dispersion materials by organic substances, the possibility of the efficient use of swirling flows in the technologies of processing dispersion materials
is shown. The scheme of the developed whirling plant for hydrofobization of fine materials is presented.
DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF AN INTELECTUAL POWER SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING MICROCLIMATE IN BUILDINGS
261-278
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2016019207
Vladislav N.
Kovalnogov
Heat Power Engineeirng Department, Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ulitsa Severnyy, Venets 32, Ulyanovsk 432027 Russia
Y. E.
Chamchiyan
Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia
PVC windows
microclimat
heat consumption
control system
heat transfer
energy saving
energy efficiency
modeling
CO2
heat loss
The study covers a complex of problems related to systems analysis, modeling, research, and development of efficient power systems to ensure building microclimate with insulated windows of increased tightness. Only insulated windows with a plastic frame (PVC windows) are considered. Some researchers provide an analysis of the results of building energy-saving potential of the microclimate control systems. The study includes modeling and research of ventilation modes and thermal control in a building with PVC windows of increased tightness using a self-designed mathematical apparatus and soft ware. It is shown that the real cost of thermal energy provided by the installation of PVC windows is reduced due to the latent heat loss associated with the growth of the ventilation load to ensure a comfortable microclimate. The research offers a way and conditions
of the fullest realization of technical and economic benefits offered by PVC windows.
MULTINOZZLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF AVIATION GAS TURBINE ENGINES AS A BASIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY. REVIEW
279-294
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2017019410
Vladimir
Biryuk
SSAU
Alexey A.
Gorshkalev
S.P. Korolev Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Highway,
Samara, 443086, Russia
S. V.
Lukachev
S. P. Korolev Samara National Research University, 24 Moskovskoe Highway,
Samara, Russia
Yu. I.
Tsybizov
S. P. Korolev Samara National Research University, 24 Moskovskoe Highway,
Samara, Russia
aviation GTE
multinozzle low-emission combustion chamber
combustion
pollutions
emissions
Environmental safety of aviation engines is a very important problem for designers. The importance of this problem increases with the aviation engine thrust, because of the increase in such thermodynamic parameters as the temperature and pressure in the combustion chamber. In this case, the rise of temperature in the combustion zone results in the formation of NOx. Using the multinozzle fuel burning mode in the combustion chamber will make it possible to decrease the formation of harmful substances significantly. Multinozzle combustion chambers of aviation gas turbine engines designed by the JSC "Kuznetsov" (Samara City, Russian Federation) in the course of the few last decades comply with the current requirements imposed on emissions. Comparative ecological characteristics of widespread aviation engines are presented in the article. The results of procedures of environmental testing of low-emission multinozzle combustion chambers for aviation gas turbine engines are described. It is shown that a multinozzle combustion chamber provides low NOx pollutant emissions and high reliability of aviation engine operation in different operating conditions.
SHORT-TERM OUTLOOK ON FUEL AND ENERGY BALANCE IN THE ANALYSIS OF ENERGY SECURITY
295-302
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2017019361
Elena
Bykova
Sit B. M. Institute of Power Engineering, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 5 Akademicheskaya Str., Chisinau, MD-2028, Republic of Moldova
energy safety
energy security
simulation
monitoring
indicators
forecast
The demand for energy in the Republic of Moldova exceeds the domestically available energy resources, so it imports more than 90% of necessary fuels. Studies that are devoted to energy security include the development of the methodology, identification of the relations between the set indicators, interactions between various factors as well as simulation and prediction of crisis situations. The major objective of these studies is to create a mathematical platform for analyzing and monitoring energy security, prevention of threats and risks in the energy sector caused by various
internal and external factors. The monitoring of the indicators is carried out based on the annually updated database containing the primary data for calculation of 46 selected indicators. The generalized level of energy security is determined for each year. Flow diagrams for the fuels obtained as a result of the short-term forecast allow making further energy planning to ensure energy security.
EFFECT OF THE LOCATION OF MULTIPOINT TEMPERATURE TRANSMITTERS IN THE BUNKER ON THEIR TENSION IN THE PROCESS OF GRANULAR MEDIUM DISCHARGE
303-311
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.2016019363
Dmitry
Borisenko
Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (MSUTM)
storage of agricultural products
spontaneous heating
monitoring of spontaneous heating
multipoint temperature transmitt ers
tensile forces
time dependence
laboratory experiment
Multipoint temperature transmitters (MTT) are usually used to measure the temperature in a granular medium capable of spontaneous heating. The article is devoted to the practical task of investigating the tension of MTTs in the process of granular substance discharge from the bunker. The research methodology describes the tension of MTT in a vertically oriented vessel in the process of granular substance discharge. An experimental test bench is described. The test bench models the proportionally smaller bottom part of a real bunker, which is the most dangerous in terms of spontaneous heating. Wheat semolina was taken as a model environment to simulate a real grain mass. The experiments were carried out to study the tension of MTTs in the laboratory conditions during the granular substance discharge from a model bunker. The results of experiments
on relationship between the MTTs tension and their location in the bunker in the course of granular substance discharge from it are described. An analysis of the data obtained is given.
Index Volume 17, 2016
313-316
10.1615/InterJEnerCleanEnv.v17.i2-4.150