Begell House Inc.
Special Topics & Reviews in Porous Media: An International Journal
STRPM
2151-4798
1
1
2010
KEY ISSUES TO ENABLE HIGH HEAT FLUX REMOVAL EXCEEDING 10 MW/M2 BY USE OF METAL POROUS MEDIA AS A LATENT HEAT-TRANSFER DEVICE
1-13
10.1615/SpecialTopicsRevPorousMedia.v1.i1.10
Kazuhisa
Yuki
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Yamaguchi, 1-1-1 Digakudo-ri, Sanyo-onoda, Yamaguchi, 756-0884 Japan; and Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aoba 01, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
Hidetoshi
Hashizume
Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Japan
Saburo
Toda
Department of Nuclear Engineering, Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 01, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
metal porous media
high heat flux removal
two-phase flow
two-phase mixture model
Heat transfer characteristics of two-phase flow in particle-sintered porous media are experimentally investigated in order to clarify the key issues to enable extremely high heat flux removal exceeding 10 MW/m2. The porous media experimented on are stainless steel particle-sintered and bronze particle-sintered compacts. The experiments under some heat flux inputs clarify that the effects of porous structure such as pore size and porosity on the heat transfer characteristics highly depend on the level of the heat flux input. The results suggest that liquid-vapor exchange due to capillary and pumping effects works effectively under several MW/m2 in this cooling system. However, under conditions exceeding the heat flux level, permeability for vapor discharge outside the porous medium becomes the most important factor in enabling the heat flux removal of over 10 MW/m2. Furthermore, in order to evaluate what kind of porous material is appropriate for higher heat removal, the two-phase flow characteristics in the porous media are simulated by the two-phase mixture model. The results show that utilizing a higher thermal-conductivity matrix facilitates a delay in the onset of the phase change near the heating wall and leads to much higher heat flux removal, even at the same liquid saturation, compared with the case utilizing a lower thermal-conductivity matrix.
THERMOHYDRODYNAMIC INSTABILITY OF VISCOUS ROTATING DIELECTRIC FLUID LAYER IN POROUS MEDIUM WITH VERTICAL AC ELECTRIC FIELD
15-29
10.1615/SpecialTopicsRevPorousMedia.v1.i1.20
Mohamed
El-Sayed
Ph. D.
hydrodynamic stability
brinkman model
convection in porous media
electrohydrodynamics
The effects of uniform rotation and porous medium on the onset of convective instability in a dielectric fluid confined between two horizontal planes under the simultaneous action of a vertical ac electric field and a vertical temperature gradient is considered. Applying linear perturbation theory and approximations analogous to the usual Boussinesq approximations, an equation of tenth order is derived. Under appropriate boundary conditions, this equation is solved exactly and the eigenvalue equations for the critical electrical Rayleigh number are obtained for both the cases of exchange of stabilities and overstability, respectively. The corresponding critical wave numbers are also obtained for both cases. It is shown that the medium permeability and Rayleigh number have destabilizing effects on the considered system, where as the porosity of porous medium, Taylor number, and Prandtl number have stabilizing effects. It is found also that, at high values of Taylor number or at any value of Prandtl number, the critical electrical Rayleigh number is independent of the Rayleigh number.
STUDY ON THE LONGITUDINAL GAS PERMEABILITY OF JUVENILE WOOD AND MATURE WOOD
31-38
10.1615/SpecialTopicsRevPorousMedia.v1.i1.30
Hamid Reza
Taghiyari
Wood Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
Ali-Naghi
Karimi
Wood and Paper Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, The University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Davoud
Parsapajouh
Wood and Paper Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, The University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Kambiz
Pourtahmasi
Wood and Paper Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, The University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
extractive content
juvenile wood
longitudinal gas permeability
mature wood
poplar
porous materials
vessel diameter
The present study is aimed at longitudinal gas permeability measurement of juvenile wood and mature wood of the two most important poplar clones in Iran. Longitudinal gas permeability for juvenile wood of P.deltoides was 1.50 × 10−13, and for its mature wood was 28.18 × 10−13(m3 m−1). As for P.euroamericana, values were 0.16 × 10−13 and 13.74 × 10−13(m3 m−1) for juvenile and mature woods, respectively. The higher extractive content in juvenile wood in comparison with mature wood varies significantly among different clones; the maximum extractive content was measured to be 3.4% in juvenile wood of P.euroamericana, while the minimum (0.3%) was observed in mature wood of P.deltoides. A negative relationship is obvious between gas permeability values and extractive content. Vessel diameter in juvenile woods of both species tends to be lower than mature woods; maximum and minimum vessel diameters were observed in mature wood (67.3 μ;m) and juvenile wood (54.5 μ;m) of P.deltoides. Although vessel diameter has a great impact in gas permeability, in the present study no clear relationship was found between them. Therefore, the low permeability in the mature wood of P.euroamericana may be rooted in the intense settlement of extractives in the heartwood.
WETTABILITY EFFECTS IN GAS GRAVITY—ASSISTED FLOW AS RELATED TO DISPLACEMENT INSTABILITY
39-47
10.1615/SpecialTopicsRevPorousMedia.v1.i1.40
Behzad
Rostami
Institute of Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering,
University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Riyaz
Kharrat
Petroleum University of Technology, Petroleum Research Center, Tehran, Iran
V. Alipour
Tabrizy
Petroleum University of Technology, Tehran Research Center, Ghasemi Zadian St.-Satarkhan St., Tehran 1453953111, Iran
M.
Khosravi
EOR Research Institute ofNIOC, No. 22, Negar Valley, Valiasr St.- Tehran 19698113771, Iran
C.
Ghotbi
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
wettability
gravity forces
capillary forces
viscous forces
dimensionless numbers
displacement stability
The drainage of oil under gravity forces is an efficient method because it can farther reduce the remaining oil saturation to below that obtained after water flooding. This paper describes a series of visual experiments under forced gas invasion with special attention to the effects of wettability. From oil production history and image analysis, we examine a threshold criterion for displacement stability that is consistent with the results of gradient percolation theory. The effect of the destabilized front velocity on oil recovery and residual saturation is investigated for both wettability conditions. Different recovery rates occur with different fluid morphologies, which depend on the matrix wettability and the balance between gravity and viscous and capillary forces. The dimensionless capillary and gravity numbers are used in analyzing the results. It has been shown that oil production decreases with displacement instability; however, this behavior would extremely depend on the wetting state. In addition, results indicated that the oil recovery depends linearly on the ratio of the gravity to viscous forces; however, the slope of this relationship in oil-wet porous media is more than twice of the water-wet system.
THEORY, METHOD, AND APPLICATION OF A NUMERICAL SIMULATIONINAN OIL RESOURCES BASIN METHODS OF NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF AERODYNAMIC PROBLEMS
49-66
10.1615/SpecialTopicsRevPorousMedia.v1.i1.50
Yirang
Yuan
Institute of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
Wen-Qia
Wang
Institute of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PRC
Yu-Ji
Han
Physical Exploration Institute of Shengli Petroleum Administration, Dongying 257022, PRC
three-dimensional oil-gas basin
resources evaluation
migration-accumulation of permeation fluid mechanics
model and numerical simulation
actual application and analysis
This paper considers the theory, method, and application of a numerical simulation of an oil-gas basin. From geological science, geochemistry, permeation fluid mechanics, and computer technology, it puts forward the mechanical model, mathematical model, careful parallel upwind fractional steps implicit iterative finite difference scheme, parallel arithmetic program, parallel arithmetic information, and alternating direction mesh subdivision. Our work has realized a highly accurate numerical simulation in hundreds of meters with millions of nodes and during an extra long period of time. It has produced a first-at-home-and-abroad software system of resources evaluation and multilayer oil resources migration and accumulation. This system has successfully been applied in oil-gas resources evaluation in Jiyang Dongying Hollow, Huimin Hollow, Tanhai Region, and Yangxin Hollow, and has gotten good practical results. Thus, an important problem on oil resources is solved.
ON FLEXURAL VIBRATIONS OF POROELASTIC CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS IMMERSED IN AN ACOUSTIC MEDIUM
67-78
10.1615/SpecialTopicsRevPorousMedia.v1.i1.60
M.
Tajuddin
Department of Mathematics, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 007 (AP) India
S. Ahmed
Shah
Department of Mathematics, Deccan College of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad - 500 001 (AP) India
Biot's theory
Flexural vibrations
poroelastic cylindrical shell
pervious surface
impervious surface
phase velocity
cut-off frequency
Employing Biot's theory of wave propagation in liquid-saturated porous media, flexural vibrations of poroelastic circular cylindrical shells of different wall thicknesses and infinite extent immersed in an acoustic medium are investigated. Let the poroelastic cylindrical shells are homogeneous and isotropic. The frequency equation of flexural vibrations propagating in a poroelastic solid cylinder, each for a pervious and an impervious surface is obtained as a limiting case when the ratio of thickness to the inner radius tends to infinity as the inner radius tends to zero. Cutoff frequencies when the wave number is zero are obtained both for pervious and impervious surfaces. For zero wave number, the frequency equation of longitudinal shear vibrations is independent of nature of the surface, i.e., pervious or impervious, and is also independent of the presence of fluid within and around the poroelastic cylindrical shell. The nondimensional phase velocity for propagating modes is computed as a function of the ratio of thickness to wavelength in the absence of dissipation. Results are presented graphically for two types of poroelastic materials and then discussed. Previous results are shown as a special case of the present investigation. Results of purely elastic solid are obtained.
RECONCILIATION OF PACKED COLUMN PERMEABILITY DATA—PART 1. THE TEACHING OF GIDDINGS REVISITED FLUCTUATIONS
79-86
10.1615/SpecialTopicsRevPorousMedia.v1.i1.70
Hubert M.
Quinn
The Wrangler Group LLC
darcy
permeability
fluid velocity
interstitial fraction
bed porosity
kozeny constant
In his classic text, Giddings (1965) put in writing a "Rosetta Stone" for packed column permeability research, which has gained little recognition since then. This lack of recognition is due partly to the complex nature of the subject matter and partly to the context, which was purely chromatographic. In it, he established experimentally that the value of his parameter φ0 pertaining to packed chromatographic columns was 300 for well-packed columns containing narrow distributions of spherical nonporous glass beads. Unfortunately, however, even though engineers and chromatographers spend much of their energy dealing with the same subject matter—the flow of liquids through conduits and packed beds—neither of these scientific disciplines recognized the relative importance of this contribution to the understanding of the pressure-flow relationship in general, and packed beds in particular. In this paper, we explore Giddings' unique concept of mean fluid velocity through a cross section. As a result, when taken in conjunction with his measured values for φ0, the inescapable conclusion is that the true value of the permeability coefficient in the Kozeny-Blake equation is not Carman's celebrated value of 180, but rather the much greater value of 267. Moreover, we also demonstrate that although Giddings applied his conclusion concerning its value (which he expressed in 1991) to all particle types, his bona fides was rooted in his measurements on the nonporous smooth spherical glass beads reported in his 1965 textbook. Finally, in an elaboration of Giddings' Table 5.3-1, we show that all his experimental results, both for columns packed with porous particles and for columns packed with nonporous particles, support this value.