Begell House Inc.
Hydrobiological Journal
HYD
0018-8166
34
1
1998
About the Concept of Environmental and Ecological Capacity
1-10
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.10
A. A.
Protasov
Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Studies of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria; Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 04210, Ukraine
Problems associated with an important ecological concept of environmental capacity are discussed in terms of the principles of homeostasis, stability, ecological duplication, pressure of life, and environmental pressure. Criteria used to estimate the anthropogenic effect on ecosystems are also concerned.
Phytoperiphyton of the Kiev and Kakhovka Reservoirs
11-18
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.20
T. F.
Shevchenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Species composition and quantitative parameters of algae fouling solid inorganic substrate in two Dnieper reservoirs were studied. In total, 249 and 104 algal species were found in the Kiev and Kakhovka reservoirs, respectively. Green weight of algae growing on solid inorganic substrate ranged from 200 to 3000 g/m2. A conclusion was made that the role of periphytic algae becomes higher with the river regulation, damming, construction of locks and other hydrotechni-cal structures, i.e., with the increasing area of solid inorganic substrate in reservoirs of the Dnieper cascade.
Fish Viability in the Early Ontogeny as Dependent on pH of Water (A Review)
19-26
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.30
B. P.
Bil'ko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Published data on the effect of acidification on fish populations in natural reservoirs and the effect of low pH on the viability of fish embryos and larvae are summarized.
Biogenic Interference with the Water Supply to Thermal and Atomic Power Stations
27-33
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.40
Biogenic factors interfering with the operation of pumps and heat-exchange equipment were analyzed at several thermal and atomic power stations in Ukraine. The effect of invertebrate fouling of various elements of the water supply system was shown to be insignificant. The greatest effect resulted from the transport of biogenic sediment through water mains and from the formation of a biogenic film on heat-exchange surfaces.
Role of Bivalvia in Mineralization and Sedimentation of Organic Matter in the Dnieper-Bug Estuarine
34-39
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.50
T. L.
Alekseenko
Kherson Hydrobiological Research Station of the Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kherson, Ukraine
N. G.
Aleksandrova
Kherson Hydrobiological Station, Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kherson, Ukraine
The spatial distribution and quantitative parameters of bivalve mollusks of the Dnieper-Bug estuarine were studied. The role of clams in mineralization and sedimentation of organic matter was analyzed.
The Effect of pH on the Fish Eggs at Fertilization and Various Stages of Their Development
40-45
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.60
V. P.
Bil'ko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The results obtained confirmed the high sensitivity of fishes to low pH during the early ontogeny. Low pH resulted in higher mortality and higher proportions of teratic embryos and larvae. The most significant effect was detected when eggs were exposed at low pH during fertilization and swelling.
Bacteriobenthos of Danube Lakes
46-53
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.70
G. N.
Oleynik
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
T. N.
Kabakova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The numbers of bacteriobenthos was 5.72−38.64 milliard cells/g and biomass was 0.14−1.47 mg/g dry silt in benthic deposits of Danube lakes. Biomass of bacteria was shown to be positively associated with the organic carbon concentration in benthic deposits (r = 0.567). The high numbers and high biomass of bacteriobenthos were determined by a high content of organic matter and the high proportions of mobile forms of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in benthic deposits of Danube lakes.
About the Amount of Water Passing through the Plaw
54-61
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.80
V. I.
Vishnevskii
Institute of Hydrometeorology, Kiev, Ukraine
Calculations with three methods showed that the amount of water passing through the plaw did not exceed 10% of the total Dniester runoff. Since this proportion is rather low, the plaw cannot significantly affect the downstream water quality. The amount of water entering the plaw was shown to depend on the river discharge. The water-exchange rate proved higher in lakes than in reedbeds.
Reconstruction of Phosphorus Budget for Two Karelian Lakes Differing in Trophic Status
62-75
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.90
V. V.
Bul'on
Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg, Russia
A method for reconstructing the phosphorus budget of ecosystems is discussed in the context of corresponding published data using an example of two Karelian lakes. This method is based on the analysis of relationships between different elements of the phosphorus budget and certain hydrologic and morphological characteristics of lakes. It allows prediction of the total phosphorus concentration (as an index of trophic status) with an error of about 15%.
Effect of Changes in Some Abiotic Factors on Growth, Reproduction, and Energy Metabolism of the Rotifer Euchlanis dilatata Ehrenberg
76-83
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.100
A. S.
Konstantinov
Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
N. A.
Tagirova
Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
V. M.
Stepanenko
Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
E. A.
Solov'eva
Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Periodic deviations of water temperature, salinity, and pH from the stationary values optimal for rotifers proved to have a favorable effect on the growth, reproduction, and energy metabolism of these animals. Rotifers similarly responded to changes in each factor under study, which provides evidence that their reaction was unspecific. These data may be important for the biotechnology of aquaculture and should be taken into account in ecosystem monitoring and prognosis.
Ecological Assessment of Water Quality in the Lower Dniester River
84-96
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.110
G. A.
Zhdanova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
L. V.
Shevtsova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine; Kyiv University of Management and Business
O. A.
Kuz'ko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Ye. N.
Tsaplina
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev
T. V.
Golovko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
The quality, trophic level, and saprobiological parameters of water in the lower Dniester River were assessed retrospectively over the period of 40 years. The results showed that water during this period mainly belonged to class 3 (sufficient cleanness) according to the integrated ecological classification of continental surface waters. In 1983 and 1984, however, water quality was impaired (class 4, polluted water) as a consequence of the accident at the Stebnik chemical plant.
Changes in Hydrochemical and Hydrobiological Conditions of a Small River in the Course of Land Reclamation in Its Basin
97-105
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.120
I. G.
Garasevich
Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
O. B.
Vasil'kovskaya
Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The dynamics of hydrochemical and hydrobiological conditions in the Kodyma River, a tributary of the Bug River, were analyzed during the period from 1973 to 1991, i.e., before, during, and after land reclamation in the river valley. The results show that the consequences of stress load on the biota and the sharp impairment of ecological conditions, which were observed at the peak of works, are being gradually compensated owing to natural processes, such as secondary paludification of the river valley and restoration of its meandering course. Both biotic and abiotic indices gradually return to the initial values, although the recovery of biocenoses is far from being complete.
Production of Size Groups of Phytoplankton in Three Water Bodies with Different Trophic Levels
106-115
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.130
A. P.
Sadchikov
Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
A. A.
Makarov
Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
V. N.
Maksimov
Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; T. G. Shevchenko Kiev National University, Kiev, Ukraine
In the mesotrophic Mozhaisk reservoir, an eutrophic pond, and a hyper-trophic pond, the proportions of the total phytoplankton production accounted for by algae with the size smaller than 20 μm proved to be 12, 43, and 69%, respectively. Algae with the size exceeding 50 μm accounted for 61, 34, and 19% of the total phytoplankton production. The release of extracellular products (dissolved organic matter) by the phytoplankton was estimated at 15, 9, and 0.8% of total carbon photosynthetically assimilated in mesotrophic, eutrophic, and hyper-trophic water bodies, respectively.
Diurnal Dynamics of Inorganic Nitrogen Compounds in the Algal Culture Medium
116-122
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.140
In experiments with algologically pure cultures of Microcystis aeruginosa and Chlorella vulgaris, a negative correlation between algal cell density and the contents of ammonium and nitrate ions was revealed. The diurnal dynamics of extracellular nitrite in the cultures of these representatives of Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta proved to be different.
Developing Eggs of Donaldson's Trout and Steelhead Trout in the Norm and upon Infection by Saprolegnia Fungi
123-135
10.1615/HydrobJ.v34.i1.150
L. Ya.
Kurovskaya
Institute of Zoology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv, Ukraine
Effects of tannin (a degumming substance) and fungicidal dyes (basic violet C, malachite green, and brilliant green) on some biochemical parameters of developing fish eggs were studied in Donaldson's trout and steelhead trout, the forms actively used in commercial fish breeding. In addition to normal eggs, experiments were performed with eggs infected by Saprolegnia fungi (water mold). The results showed that this fungal infection at different stages of embryonic development leads to significant changes in egg weight, protein level, and activities of hydrolases.