Begell House Inc.
Hydrobiological Journal
HYD
0018-8166
35
1
1999
Primary Production of Algae in the Dnieper and Dnieper Reservoirs
1-13
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.10
V. I.
Shcherbak
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 12 Prosp. Geroev Stalingrada, Kyiv 04210, Ukraine
Data of long-term studying the primary production of various ecological groups of algae (phytoplankton, microphytobenthos, and epiphyton) in the Dnieper and its reservoirs are reviewed. Phytoplankton was shown to make the greatest contribution to the production of organic matter. The process of production and decomposition displayed significant temporal and spatial variation. Recent data on the intensity of primary production showed that the Dnieper and its reservoirs are eutrophic.
Dynamics of the Fouling of Artificial and Natural Substrates with Meiofauna in Sea Water
14-19
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.20
L. V.
Vorobyeva
Odessa Branch of the Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Odessa, Ukraine
The intensity of fouling limestone, granite, concrete, and rubber substrates exposed in the Odessa Bay of the Black Sea for 20 weeks was studied. The species composition and quantitative parameters of periphytic animals were determined. Dominant groups included Mollusca (Bivalvia and Gastropoda), Ostracoda, and Copepoda (Harpacticoida and Balanus). The lowest intensity of fouling was characteristic of rubber substrates.
Bacteriobenthos and Heavy Metal Content in Benthic Sediment of the Sasyk Reservoir
20-31
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.30
G. N.
Oleynik
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
V. N.
Belokon'
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
T. N.
Kabakova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The numbers and biomass of bacteriobenthos in the Sasyk reservoir were comparable with those characteristic of benthic sediment of other Danube water bodies. The high quantitative development of bacteriobenthos was determined by the high concentration of total organic matter (OM) and its labile forms. A close association was revealed between the numbers of bacteria and the lability of organic matter in benthic sediment. The numbers of bacteriobenthos were in an inverse proportion to the ratio between the total carbon content and content of labile nitrogen, though the association was weak. The concentration and forms of heavy metals were also studeid in benthic sediment. Metals were shown to inhibit decomposition of OM and catalase activity of in benthic sediment, the effect on the latter being more significant.
Periphytic Algae of the Kanev and Kremenchug Reservoirs
32-40
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.40
T. F.
Shevchenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Species composition and quantitative development of algae growing on solid inorganic substrates were studied in two reservoirs of the Dnieper cascade. In total, 157 and 197 species were found in the Kanev and Kremenchug reservoirs, respectively. Green weight of periphytic algae ranged from 100 to 8000 g/m2. A conclusion was made that periphytic algae can be used to monitor the ecological state of the Dnieper reservoirs.
Distribution of Radionuclides through the Ecosystem of Shallow Biotopes
41-51
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.50
M. I.
Kuz'menko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The distribution of radionuclides through abiotic and biotic components of a shallow biotope, located in the Kiev reservoir and significantly affected after the Chernobyl meltdown, was studied from 1986 to 1992. The highest concentrations of radionuclides were detected in suspended matter, benthic organisms (Dreissena bugensis and Spongia), and in benthic sediment.
Study of Turbulent Mixing in Shallow Regions of Inland Waters
52-60
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.60
S. S.
Dubnyak
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
Equations for coefficients of turbulent diffusion were obtained on the basis of extensive experimental data. The equations can be used to simulate physical, chemical, and biological processes in shallow inland waters.
Organic Complex Compounds of Iron and Chromium and Their Chemical Nature in the Dnieper Reservoirs
61-69
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.70
N. I.
Chubar'
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The distribution of iron and chromium among complexes with dissolved organic compounds varying in chemical nature (anionic, cationic, and neutral) and in molecular weight was analyzed in the Dnieper reservoirs. Iron and chromium formed complexes with humic compounds, protein-like compounds, and carbohydrates. Humic compounds (fulvic acids predominantly) played the major role in binding both metals in all Dnieper reservoirs. The spatial and temporal variations in the distribution of iron and chromium complexes varying in chemical nature was studied in the Kiev reservoir. The major proportions of iron and chromium formed complexes with humic compounds in spring, with protein-like compounds in summer, and with carbohydrates in winter.
Quantitation of Cationic Surface-Active Agents in Natural Waters
70-76
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.80
K. P.
Kalinichenko
Institute of Zoology, and Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
A new method for quantifying cationic surfactants in natural waters was proposed. The method had sensitivity 0.026−0.034 mg/l; the results were accurate within 0.005 mg/l; and the error of estimation was 0.89−0.93%.
A System for Studying Growth of Hydrobionts at Variable Temperature
77-80
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.90
V. V.
Zdanovich
Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
A. G.
Nedel'ko
Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
An experimental system for studying growth of hydrobionts under variable temperature was constructed. Analysis of the effect of variable temperature on various poikilothermal organisms makes it possible to estimate its role in growth and population dynamics of hydrobionts and in biotechnology of their rearing.
The Efficiency of Estimating Total Number of Bacteria by Epifluorescence Microscopy
81-84
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.100
N. A.
Potapova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
A new version of the epifluorescence technique for estimating the total numbers of bacteria was elaborated. The version was compared with direct counting of bacteria on nitrocellulose filters according to Razumov. The Razumov's method was shown to overestimate the total numbers of bacteria in water with a high concentration of detritus (suspended organic matter) and to underestimate this parameter when mineral components are prevalent in suspended matter. Estimates obtained with the two methods were positively associated in only natural waters with a relatively high functional activity of bacterioplankton.
Modern State and Long-Term Changes in Zoobenthos of the Streletskaya Bight (Sevastopol Region)
85-97
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.110
M. I.
Kiseleva
Institute of Biology of Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
N. K.
Revkov
Institute of the Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
Yu. P.
Kopytov
А.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas,
2, Nakhimov Ave., Sevastopol 299011, Crimea
More than 86 species of benthic animals were found in the Streletskaya Bight. Abra ovata, Cerastoderma glaucum, and Tritia reticulata were the major species of benthic community, which involved four spatial groups. Zoobenthos had the average numbers 2264 animals/m2 and biomass 162 g/m2. Macrozoob-enthos was absent from individual sites comprising 14% of the total bight area. At present, species diversity, numbers, and biomass of benthic animals tend to increase, though the pollution of benthic sediment is significant.
Several Ecological Features of the Distribution of Russian Sturgeon Acipenser güldenstädti and Stellate Sturgeon Acipenser stellatus in the Sea of Azov
98-107
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.120
V. M.
Sabodash
Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
K. V.
Demyanenko
Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The distribution of Russian sturgeon Acipenser güldenstädti and stellate sturgeon Acipenser stellatus in the Sea of Azov was studied. In March, 1993, the highest population density of the Russian sturgeon was detected in the southwestern, central, and south regions of the sea. The highest number of fishes captured per trawling sample was 149. The distribution of stellate sturgeon was similar, and a high population density was observed in the same regions. The highest density corresponded to 121 fishes per trawling sample. A high proportion of young fishes was characteristic of both species in summer. Thus 112 out of 140 Russian sturgeon fishes and 32 out of 112 stellate sturgeon fishes were young. Nonuniform distribution of the nutritive base was assumed to be a possible cause of the nonuniform distribution of sturgeon species.
Trophic and Saprobiological Characterization of the Shatsk Lakes
108-121
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.130
V. M.
Yakushyn
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Trophic and saprobiological parameters of seven lakes of the Shatsk National Park were studied. Trophic level and saprobiological state of the lakes was shown to depend on their average depth and external loads with biogenic substances. The major sources of phosphorus delivered to the Shatsk lakes were resident and seasonal populations; those of nitrogen were resident population and cultivated fields.
Saprobiological Characterization of Water Quality in the Sasyk Reservoir Based on the Analysis of Macrozoobenthos
122-129
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.140
Z. G.
Meteletskaya
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
Saprobiological analysis of the Sasyk reservoir was carried out with two methods. Saprobe indices were estimated from data on all indicator species of macrozoobenthos and on Oligochaeta only. The results obtained were compared.
Estimation of Biocide Properties of Several Paints Used to Protect Heat-Exchange Equipment against Fouling
130-137
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.150
I. B.
Voskresenskaya
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
G. V.
Nesterenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
V. F.
Petrichenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
E. G.
Romanova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
V. M.
Zhits
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The efficiency of paints elaborated to protect the heat-exchange equipment was analyzed. The work was based on the concept that precipitate formation is a complex of interacting biological and chemical processes. The paints tested varied in their effect on scaling and growth of periphytic organisms.
Bacterioplankton and Bacteriobenthos in Ecotone Ecosystems
138-150
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.160
G. N.
Oleynik
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Bacterioplankton of ecotone systems displayed a high living activity, as inferred from the time it takes for the numbers and biomass to increase twice and from specific respiration. Bacterial populations of water and benthic sediment included microorganisms of several trophic groups varying in nutritional requirements and growth strategy. The structural and functional features and significant short-term fluctuations in the numbers and living activity of bacterioplankton and bacteriobenthos suggested the instability of bacterial populations caused by the instability of environmental factors. These parameters are indicative of ecotone ecosystems.
Association between Chlorophyll a Content in Phytoplankton and Nitrogen Content in Water of the Dnieper Reservoirs
151-157
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.170
V. A.
Medved'
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv, Ukraine
Cluster analysis was employed in studying the association between chlorophyll a content and nitrogen concentration in water of the Dnieper reservoirs. Its simulation yielded models which allowed estimation of chlorophyll a content from concentrations of nitrogen compounds (nitrate, ammonium, total, and organic nitrogen) and several hydrological parameters (temperature, transparency, depth).
Higher Water Vegetation of the Kiev and Kakhovka Reservoirs after the Meltdown at the Chernobyl Atomic Power Station
158-173
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i1.180
Z. O.
Shirokaya
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev
I. V.
Pan'kov
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The current state of vegetation cover was analyzed in the Kiev and Kakhovka reservoirs. Communities of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. and Typha angustifolia L. were shown to play the major role in water self-purification from radionuclide contamination. The radionuclide distribution between the overground and underground phytomass of these species was studied.