Begell House Inc.
Hydrobiological Journal
HYD
0018-8166
35
2
1999
The Norm and Variability of the Annual Flow of Rivers of Ukraine
1-12
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i2.10
A. I.
Shereshevskiy
Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Research Institute, Kiev, Ukraine
P. F.
Vishnevskiy
Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Research Institute, Kiev, Ukraine
The paper is devoted to the study of water resources of Ukraine on the basis of the Hydrometeorological Service's observations on the Ukrainian rivers. The normal runoff and variation of overland runoff coefficient had been determined and analyzed for the period of observation (before 1975 and with modern data collected up to 1992). As a result, the modified maps for normal runoff and variation coefficients of runoff for Ukrainian rivers were created. The comparison of hydrological parameters of water runoff calculated using of modern data (1992) with data obtained by prior studies in 1975 were made, when governing documents for construction regulation had been developed. This study shows that for the period 1975−1992 the normal runoff increased while variation runoff coefficients for the territory of Ukraine decreased. However, in general the trend on degradation of water resources was not observed.
Chemical Composition of Water and Water Quality of the Dniester Reservoir
13-25
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i2.20
L. V.
Shevtsova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine; Kyiv University of Management and Business
S. I.
Kosheleva
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Ye. N.
Tsaplina
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev
Data of hydrochemical studies of the Dniester water reservoir in the years 1992−1994 are presented. The evaluation of its water quality is given on the basis of ecological classification of inland waters. The water quality of the reservoir changes in limits I−VIII categories of quality (from pure to polluted). There are some regions in the reservoir where oxygen supersaturation and great contain of biogenic (nitrogen forms mainly) and organic matter are marked.
Fractional Distribution of Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments of the Dnieper Reservoirs
26-39
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i2.30
I. B.
Zubenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
P.N.
Linnik
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
In this work the fractional distribution of some heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Cr, Zn, Mn, Fe) among solid substrata of sediments in the Dnieper reservoirs was investigated in dependency on chemical properties of elements and their physico-chemical state in aquatic environment.
Growth and Productivity of Dreissena under Conditions of Artificial Streams
40-55
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i2.40
T. A.
Kharchenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The process of growth and productivity of zebra mussels in the canals of southern Ukraine was studied. The following dependence of body mass (W, g) on the sizes of the mollusks (L, cm) is established: W = (0.00022±0.0009)L2.73±0.14. The growth constant (k) in the canals is 0.62 year−1, P/B coefficient changes within the limits 3.30−3.48. Growth indices of dreissena are directly related to the sum of effective temperature in a concrete body of water and depend on providing with nutritious seston.
The Regularities of Reproduction of Cladocera of the Freshwater Shoals (Polyphemus pediculus L., Onychopoda)
56-74
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i2.50
L. G.
Butorina
Institute of Biology of Inland Waters of Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Yaroslavl' Region
Polyphemus pediculus reproduce themselves by means of both parthenogenesis and gamogenesis, which take place simultaneously. The individual fecundity of females depends on their age, season of the year, and geographical zone. Production of subitaneous eggs depends on the environmental temperature to greater extent than that of the latent eggs. The population variability of P. pediculus fecundity is wider than it was stated for the class of Crustacea.
Meiobenthos of Lake Donuzlav
75-89
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i2.60
N. G.
Sergeyeva
Institute of Biology of Southern Seas National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Sevastopol, Ukraine
Results of meiobenthos investigations on Lake Donuzlav (Crimea) in 1990 (for the first time since its connection with the Black Sea 30 years ago) are presented. Meiobenthos of the lake included 126 animal species from 13 taxonomic groups; it was similar to that of the Black Sea. Nematodes were predominant. The average meiobenthos settlement density exceeded 312 th. org./m2 (thousand organisms per m2), its biomass was 450.7 mg/m2. The highest values of these parameters were 3.2 mln. org./m2 and 1.68 g/m2. Morphological deviations in development of some species of nematodes indicated presence of technogenic pollution in some zones of theDonuzlav. A possibility of using data on changes in nematodes development as a test-parameter for estimation of the total environmental pollution is discussed.
Free-living Planktonic Infusoria of the Dnieper-Bug Liman and their Role in Production-destruction Processes
90-106
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i2.70
A. A.
Koval'chuk
Uzhgorod National University Uzhgorod, Ukraine
In the taxonomic composition of pelagic and benthic plankton of the Dnieper-Bug liman, 107 species and varieties of free-living infusoria were revealed. Their quantitative development and functional activity was estimated for different areas of the liman. The essential role of this ecological group in consumption of primary production and in destruction of organic substance is demonstrated. This activity decreased considerably in autumn.
Adaptation of Some Organisms from the Biofouling Biocenosis of Closed Water Circulation Systems to Formaldehyde-containing Preparations
107-116
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i2.80
Natalia L.
Poyedinok
M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Adaptation of main groups of organisms (algae, fungi, hydrocarbonoxidative bacteria) from the biocenosis of fouling of closed water circulation systems to gradually increased concentrations of formaldehyde-containing biocidal preparations, Aminocyde and Carbocyde-114, was studied. Moreover, it has been shown, that all investigated organisms can adapt to different degrees to both preparations. Modifications of these organisms during prolonged contact with biocides were similar to basic peculiarities characterizing the process of adaptation.
Accumulation of Radionuclides by Communities of Periphytic Algae in the Cooling Pond of the Chernobyl NPP (8 years after the accident)
117-130
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i2.90
T. F.
Shevchenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Study of periphytic algae vegetating in the cooling pond of the Chernobyl NPP and investigation of their role in the processes of radionuclide accumulation have been carried out for the first time after the accident. In 1994, Cs-137, Cs-134, Eu-154, Co-60, Mn-54, Sr-90 were registered in periphytic algae. Total radioactivity of periphytic algae varied from 78275 to 662866 Bq/kg of dry weight. Algal periphyton is one of the most important accumulators of radionuclides. The concentration factors for Cs-137 calculated for the algal periphyton ranged from 33470 to 327313, the concentration factors for Sr-90 varied from 8.6 to 24858.
Study of Water Currents in the Shallow-water Zones of the Dnieper Reservoirs
131-137
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i2.100
S. S.
Dubnyak
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
Based on the materials of investigation, peculiarities of the water current regime in the shallow-water zones of the Dnieper reservoirs have been studied.
Intra-annual Dynamics of the Suspended Matter Content in the Floodplain Water Bodies of the Lower Dnieper
138-146
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i2.110
L. A.
Zhuravleva
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
A. A.
Morozova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Intra-annual dynamics of the suspended matter content in the floodplain water bodies of the Lower Dnieper and in three branches of the Dnieper Delta have been studied. The main factors affecting its regime include hydrological (the average annual distribution of the Dnieper water flow, water exchange) and hydrobiological (biomass, and intensity of the organic matter production by aquatic organisms, particularly by phytoplankton) characteristics.