Begell House Inc.
Hydrobiological Journal
HYD
0018-8166
35
5
1999
Ecological Successions, Productivity of Estuarine Ecotonal Ecosystems, and Global Processes of the Carbon Cycle in Biosphere
1-13
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.10
T. A.
Kharchenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The functional biospheric role of highly productive estuarine ecotonal ecosystems is discussed. Such productionally active zones perform, among others, the function of channels for removal of excessive amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, including the carbon dioxide accumulated because of anthropic influence (activity of human society).
Conservation needs are considered and discussed for preservation of estuarine ecotones and other aquatic ecosystems, in which production processes prevail over destruction (decomposition).
Water Resources and Ecological Condition of the Dnieper
14-19
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.20
V. D.
Romanenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Structure and some functional characteristics of pelagic (phyto- and zooplankton) and contour (zoobenthos, zooperiphyton) communities of hydrobionts were studied in the cooling pond of the Zaporozh'ye Nuclear Power Station. Abundant development of subtropical planktonic species of algae and some thermophilic periphytic organisms, as well as inhibition of the development of mollusks - filter feeders, suggest that the ecosystem of the cooling pond is subjected to significant thermal load.
Influence of Water pH on the Macrozoobenthos Structure in Small Forest Lakes of Southwestern Karelia
20-28
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.30
B. P.
Il'yashchuk
Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
In six forest lakes of Karelia, the water pH values prove to be the determining environmental factor for the macrozoobenthos species diversity. At lake water acidification the share of caddis-flies and Chironomidae larvae in the total bio mass is increased. The share of Chironomus sp. and Comptochironomus sp. among the chironomidae larvae is enlarged in the littoral populations of acidified lakes.
Antioxidant System Activity in Carp under the Influence of Metal Ions
29-33
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.40
Yu. V.
Leus
Chernigov State Pedagogical University, Chernigov, Ukraine
V. V.
Grubinko
Department of General Biology and Methods of Teaching Natural Sci. Volodymyr Hnatiuk Ternopil National Pedagogical University, 2 M. Kryvonosa Str., Ternopil 46027, Ukraine
Peroxidation processes in blood, liver and gills increased in the carps, which have been exposed to water environment with increased lead ion concentrations. The same effect was observed in blood and liver under influence of copper ions. Such changes are connected with decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase). Zinc ions increased the enzyme activities studied, and consequently, the malonic dialdehyde content in liver and gills decreases.
The Structure and Functional Characteristics of Pelagic and Contour Communities of Hydrobionts in the Cooling Pond of the Zaporozh'ye Nuclear Power Station
34-45
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.50
R. A.
Kalinichenko
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
O. A.
Sergeyeva
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
A. A.
Protasov
Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Studies of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria; Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 04210, Ukraine
O. O.
Sinitsyna
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
Structure and some functional characteristics of pelagic (phyto- and zooplankton) and contour (zoobenthos, zooperiphyton) communities of hydrobionts were studied in the cooling pond of the Zaporozh'ye Nuclear Power Station. Abundant development of subtropical planktonic species of algae and some thermophilic periphytic organisms, as well as inhibition of the development of mollusks - filter feeders, suggest that the ecosystem of the cooling pond is subjected to significant thermal load.
Phytoplankton of the Neva River Estuary at the Construction Site of Flood Protection Structures of St. Petersburg
46-54
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.60
V. N.
Nikulina
Zoological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
V. A.
Bol'shakova
Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
During six years (1984−1989) species composition, numbers, and biomass of algae, as well as chlorophyll a concentration in the plankton of the Neva River estuary, were studied at the construction site of flood protection structures of St. Petersburg. It has been found that phytoplankton serves as an indicator of certain hydrological changes occurring in Neva Bay (Nevskaya Guba) as a result of hydroconstruction. They included the decrease in water exchange between the northern entrance of Neva Bay and the eastern part of Gulf of Finland, the entry of brackish waters from Gulf of Finland into Neva Bay near the southern entrance.
The flood protection structures do not enhance the probability of intensive water bloom in Neva Bay.
Phytoperiphyton of the Dneprodzerzhinsk and Zaporozhye Reservoirs
55-63
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.70
T. F.
Shevchenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Species composition and quantitative parameters of algae growing in the foulings of hard inorganic substrates in two Dnieper reservoirs were studied. In total, 137 and 90 algal species were found in the Dneprodzerzhinsk and Zaporozh'ye reservoirs, respectively. Green weight of algae growing on solid inorganic substrates ranged from 300 to 2800 g/m2. Periphytic algae play a leading role in the ecosystems of the Dnieper cascade reservoirs.
Benthic Free-Living Ciliates of the Dnieper-Bug Estuary and Their Role in the Processes of Production and Decomposition
64-75
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.80
A. A.
Koval'chuk
Uzhgorod National University Uzhgorod, Ukraine
In all, 154 species and varieties of Ciliata including 38 representatives of halolimnic complex have been found in the benthos of the Dnieper-Bug Estuary. The availability of hydrogen sulfide at some sites exerted significant influence on the spatial distribution of benthic ciliates. Data on the abundance and functional activity of ciliates, as well as on their role in the processes of transformation of organic substances at different sites of the estuary, are presented.
Adaptation Changes in Channel Catfish Yearlings at Infection by the Parasitic Infusoria Ichthyophthirius multiflliis Fouquet
76-85
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.90
L. Ya.
Kurovskaya
Institute of Zoology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv, Ukraine
Influence of different levels of invasion by the parasitic infusoria Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Fouquet on some morphometric and biochemical indices of channel catfish yearlings at their infestation has been studied under experimental conditions. Adaptation changes in the protein content and activity of hydrolases were determined in internal organs and muscles of fishes at intensity of invasions by Ichthyophthirius ca. 1−50 individuals per one fish. Besides biochemical changes, for channel catfishes at intensity of invasions by Ichthyophthirius ca. 51−550 individuals, changes in mass, length, and the fatness index were revealed.
The Regime of Suspended Matter in the Dnieper-Bug Liman
86-92
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.100
L. A.
Zhuravleva
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
A. A.
Morozova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The total suspended matter regime in the Dnieper-Bug Liman is provided by many factors, such as: hydrometeorological conditions in the area, distribution of the Dnieper river runoff within a year, and the level of development and vitality of aquatic organisms. Difference in their temporal and spatial intensity determines suspended matter content, its seasonal and annual dynamics.
Optimization of Some Stages of Biotechnics of Cultivation of Mussel Larvae Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.
93-98
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.110
A. V.
Pirkova
A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS,
2 Nakhimov Аvе., Sevastopol 299011, Crimea
V. I.
Kholodov
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sevastopol, Ukraine
L. V.
Ladygina
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sevastopol, Ukraine
In accordance with the results of factor experiments carried out by the method of Latin square, the optimal levels of studied factors influencing growth and survival of mussel larvae (Mytilus galloprovincialis) have been determined. For veligers, the density of planting was 10000 larvae per liter, and the concentration of feed was 40000 cells/mL. For veliconch and pediveligers, the density of planting was 5000 larvae per liter, and the concentration of feed was 50000 cells/mL if the cell ratio of Monochrysis lutheri,Isochrysis galbana, and Phaeodactilum tricornutum in the feed was 1:1:1, and water temperature was 17−18° C.
Regulation of the Composition of Red Blood of Goby (Gobius batrachocephalus P.) under its Adaptation to High Temperatures
99-105
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.120
A. A.
Soldatov
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Science of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
Gobies caught at 10° C adapted to 15, 20, and 25° C during 40 days. Hypoxia state developed in fishes in the first 5 days of the experiment. It was connected with decrease of number of old erythrocytes and blood oxygen capacity. Erythropoiesis activation (5−25 days) provided an influx of immature cells in blood and increased the number of circulating erythrocytes. This reaction had not been observed at 25° C. Fishes perished with evident symptoms of asphyxia.
Hemoglobin of Hemolymph in Larvae of Chironomidae
106-114
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.130
I. O.
Aliakrinskaya
Institute of Evolutionary Morphology and Ecology of Animals, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Functions, characteristics and concentration of hemoglobin in Chironomus larvae and the total hemoglobin in Ch. piger larvae are analysed.
The Comparative Characteristic of Lipid Composition and Motor Activity of the Calanus euxinus (Copepoda) Ecogroup during Diapause
115-127
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.140
T. V.
Yuneva
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sevastopol, Ukraine
L. S.
Svetlichniy
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
A. M.
Shchepkina
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sevastopol, Ukraine
Motor activity, content and composition of total lipids, phospholipids, fatty acids of triacylglycerides, waxes, and phospholipids of diapausing groups of Calanus euxinus V-copepodites from the Black Sea redox-zone have been investigated.
It has been shown that diapausing V-copepodites had 1.5 times lower activity and 2−2.5 times higher fatness as compared with V-copepodites and adult Calanus which daily migrated from the depth to the surface. The lipid increasing in diapausing V-copepodites was at the expense of reserved lipids, mainly waxes, and to a lesser extent at the expense of structural lipids, phospholipids, and sterols. Alteration in qualitative content of phospholipids, increase of concentration of the plasmalogen form of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol and docosahexaenic acid (22:63) are determined by life conditions in the zone of low oxygen concentration.
The role of endogenous and exogenous factors in forming Calanus ecogroups in the Black Sea is discussed.
Effect of Ions of Lead and Ammonium on Bioproduction Parameters of Young Fishes
128-134
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.150
A. A.
Ignatyuk
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; State Technical University of Ukraine "Kiev Polytechnic Institute" Kiev, Ukraine
V. P.
Gandzyura
Kyiv National University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Results are given for the effects of Pb2+ and NH+4 on the specific growth rate (g), total effectiveness of food converting (K1) and indicator of optimum (IO = g·K1) of bioproductional processes on young fishes of Carassius auratus (goldfish) and Xiphophorus helleri (swordtail). The main conclusion of the research is: the most sensitive and the most informative parameter of environmental quality is the index of environmental quality (IEQ = IO/IOc); i -in environment, ñ - in control).
Computer-aided Assessment of Fish Number and Distribution in the Sea of Azov
135-143
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.160
V. M.
Sabodash
Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
V. G.
Guiyanov
Institute of Zoology,National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,Kiev, Ukraine
V. Ya.
Beloshapka
Institute of Zoology,National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,Kiev, Ukraine
E. G.
Yanovskii
Ukrainian Azov Station of Fisheries Research, Berdyansk, Ukraina
K. V.
Demyanenko
Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Main principles and mathematical apparatus of the newly developed software "Ichtyanaryst" are described. The advantages of using this software for processing, systematization, and accumulation of primary ichthyological data are presented.
Additional Data on Biology of the Black Sea Turbellaria Procerodes lobata O. Schmidt
144-152
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.170
G.-V. V.
Murina
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
Results obtained in the first study of biology of Procercodes lobata, a representative of Turbellaria occurring in the Black Sea are provided. Long-term observations on the number of turbellaria in their habitat, peculiarities of nutrition and reproduction were performed both in its natural environment and in laboratory experiments.
Tissue Buffering Capacity in Some Species of the Black Sea Fishest
153-157
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.180
L. P.
Astakhova
Karadag Nature Reserve National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kurortnoye settlement, Crimea, Ukraine
V. I.
Lushchak
Karadag Nature Reserve National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kurortnoye settlement, Crimea, Ukraine
The buffering capacity (BC) of homogenates prepared from liver, white and red muscles of six Black Sea fish species was studied. BC increased in all these species when specimens were incubated at room temperature, and even more markedly when tissues were homogenized in NaF solution than in the distilled water or 0.9% NaCl solution. White muscles showed a higher BC as compared to that of red muscles and liver, but there was no clear correlation in BC and body mass, sex, and age of fishes. A degree of tissue BC changes is rather determined by the ecological peculiarities of fish species.
Structural and Functional Characteristics of Phytoplankton in the Water Bodies within the Exclusion Zone of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station
158-174
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i5.190
V. I.
Shcherbak
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 12 Prosp. Geroev Stalingrada, Kyiv 04210, Ukraine
Structural and functional characteristics of phytoplankton in the water bodies located within the exclusion zone of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station (NPS) and differing in the level of their radioactive contamination were investigated. The water bodies studied included the Pripyat (Pripet) River, the cooling pond of the Chernobyl NPS, and Lake Glubokoye. It has been found that increased radiation background does not adversely affect the functioning of algal communities, which are characterized by intensive processes of production and decomposition, are highly diverse in their species composition, and abundant.