Begell House Inc.
Hydrobiological Journal
HYD
0018-8166
35
6
1999
The System of Life Forms of Black Sea Polychaetes
1-7
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.10
G. V.
Losovskaya
Odessa Branch of the Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine
The system of life forms of benthic polychaetes of the Black Sea was studied. It is shown that many life forms of intrabionts and some species of one life form of epibionts tolerate the conditions of hypoxia and asphyxia (suffocation) of the bottom fauna. The ratio (correlation) between the numbers of epibiont and intrabiont species can be regarded as an indicator of the state of a biotope (habitat).
Peculiarities of Formation of Marine Macro- and Microphytoperiphyton on Different Solid Substrata
8-14
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.20
G. G.
Minicheva
Institute of Marine Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 37, Pushkinskaya St., Odesa 65048, Ukraine
N. E.
Guslyakov
Odessa Branch, Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa State University, Ukraine
O. A.
Kovtun
Odessa National I.I. Mechnikov University, Department of Hydrobiology and General Ecology
The relative role of micro- and macrocomponents of phytofouling on four substrata used in seashore hydrotechnical construction (ferroconcrete, granite, limestone, and rubber tires) has been studied. During the first month of fouling, the autotrophic process is performed exclusively by microalgal communities. After two months of formation of the biocenosis, the primary production process is performed on 99% by communities of macroalgae. Under high productivity of such cenoses forming in eutrophic conditions on rubber tires, the effect of secondary pollution of the sea coastal zones may occur.
On the Possible Role of Magnesium in Regulation of Coordination of Photosynthesis and Respiration Processes in Aquatic Plants
15-23
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.30
O. K.
Voronova
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sevastopol, Ukraine
T. V.
Traschenko
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sevastopol; and Dnepropetrovsk State University, Ukraine
N. V.
Fomin
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sevastopol; and Dnepropetrovsk State University, Ukraine
The increase of algae's magnesium requirement within the range 275−0 μ;E/m2·sec is connected with the need for regulation of the ratio between intensities of photosynthesis and dark respiration; it is also aimed at supporting the stable level of ATP in algal biomass; it is also manifested in maximization of biomass production under conditions of a decreasing light flow density.
On Correlation Between the Content of Inorganic Nitrogen Compounds and the Intensity of Phytoplankton Development in the Dnieper Reservoirs
24-32
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.40
The relationships between the dynamics of ammonic, nitrate, and nitrite nitrogen and planktonic algae development in the Dnieper reservoirs is analyzed. Negative (inverse) correlation between contents of NH+4 and NO−2 ions and phytoplankton biomass has been established. For NO+3 ions this correlation can be either positive (direct) or negative (inverse).
The Present Radioecological Situation in Western Siberian Rivers
33-63
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.50
I. V.
Pan'kov
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Ye. N.
Volkova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev
A. A.
Kozlov
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
M. I.
Kuz'menko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The radioecological situation in the Tobol and Ishim rivers (Western Siberia) was studied within the Tyumen Region. Some peculiarities of radioactive contamination of the aquatic ecosystem, as well as long-term consequences of the Kyshtym accident (1957), were detected. A comparative analysis of radioecological situation was performed for European rivers at different periods of their radioactive contamination, namely: before 1986 and after the Chernobyl catastrophe.
Activity of the Carp Antioxidative System Under Influence of Heavy Metals Ions
64-69
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.60
Yu. V.
Leus
Chernigov State Pedagogical University, Chernigov, Ukraine
It has been established that lead ions cause increased levels of malonic dialdegide in liver, gills, and blood of carp, and copper ions act similarly in blood and liver. Malonic dialdegide decreased in the liver and gills affected by zinc ions. The phenomena described were associated with changes in antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathion peroxidase) activities.
Hydrobiological Characteristics and Productivity of Some Lakes of Glacial Origin in the Komi Republic
70-83
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.70
V. M.
Sadyrin
Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Republick of Komi, Russia
Limnological peculiarities of the ecosystems of four lakes of glacial origin, including the lakes Pisey-ty, Vozey-ty, Yevsya-ty, and Syattey-ty (Komi Republic, Russia), were studied. The water of these lakes belongs to the hydrocarbonate class of the calcium group of the first type with a low level of mineralization. Lake Syattey-ty is characterized by a high content of iron in water, whereas Lake Yevsya-ty is characterized by a high content of silicon. Production of littoral organisms was higher than that of pelagic organisms. The difference between zooplankton and zoobenthos is statistically plausible with P = 0.1−0.01. The composition of zooplankton organisms occurring in the littoral zone was similar to that of the pelagic zone. Zoobenthos in these two zones was characterized by distinctions. The total production of zooplankton and zoobenthos in these lakes was distinguished by the following values: 4.64 t/ha - in Lake Pisey-ty, 1.08 t/ha - in Lake Yevsya-ty, 0.45 t/ha - in Lake Syattey-ty, 0.39 t/ha - in Lake Vozey-ty. The proportion of littoral organisms in the total production of the lakes was as follows: 19.6% - in Lake Pisey-ty, 5.5% - in Lake Yevsya-ty, 70.8% in Lake Syattey-ty, and 14.5% - in Lake Vozey-ty.
The Role of Phytoplankton in Migration of Radionuclides in Water Bodies Differing in the Level of Radioactive Contamination
84-102
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.80
V. I.
Shcherbak
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 12 Prosp. Geroev Stalingrada, Kyiv 04210, Ukraine
It has been found that after the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station phytoplankton plays a leading part in migration of strontium-90 and cesium-137 between abiotic and biotic components of aquatic ecosystems in continental water bodies of Ukraine differing in the level of radioactive contamination.
Quantitative characteristics of migration of radionuclides in the system "water-phytoplankton" are determined by intensity of the processes of production in algal communities.
State of Communities of Benthic Organisms in the Upper Volga
103-112
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.90
B. A.
Flerov
Institute of Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences Borok, Russia
A. I.
Bakanov
Institute of Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences Borok, Russia
In 1994−1995 the state of benthic communities in the Volga river and the Rybinsk reservoir (Yaroslavl' and Vologda regions, Russia) was assessed based on six parameters of benthic communities and "a combined index of the state of community". Correlation between some parameters of benthic communities and chemical composition of bottom sediments was established. The state of benthic communities is primarily conditioned by the influence of natural environmental factors. The most pronounced anthropic impact is observed in the vicinity of large industrial centers, including Cherepovets, Rybinsk, and Yaroslavl'.
Sanitary-ecological and Trophic Conditions of the Middle Reaches of the Yenisei River and its Tributaries
113-123
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.100
L. A.
Shchur
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Akademgorodok; Institute of Computerized Simulation Siberian Department Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Ecology of Water Bodies Used for Fishery and Terrestrial Biosystems, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
A. D.
Aponasenko
Institute of Computerized Simulation Siberian Department Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Ecology of Water Bodies Used for Fishery and Terrestrial Biosystems, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
V. N.
Lopatin
Institute of Computerized Simulation, Siberian Department, Russian Academy of Sciences; and Institute of Ecology of Water Bodies Used for Fishery and Terrestrial Biosystems, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
V. S.
Filimonov
Institute of Biophysics, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
N. V.
Shepelevich
Institute of Biophysics,Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
In summer periods 1989−1994, a complex of hydrobiological investigations in the middle reaches of the Yenisei river (Krasnoyarsk region) and its main tributaries were performed. Spatial distribution, quantitative, taxonomic characteristics of phytoplankton, bacterio- and phytoperiphyton, saprobicity indications, and production-destruction intensity were under study. Proceeding from these data, the waters in the Yenisei basin are classified as mesotrophic, corresponding to quality class 3 ('satisfactory pure').
Formation of Colonies, Dimensional and Weight Characteristics of Organisms in the Phytoplankton Communities of Belarussian Aquatic Ecosystems
124-136
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.110
A detailed systematic, dimensional and weight analysis is provided on phytoplankton organisms inhabiting a river-type reservoir, a pond, and three lakes in Belarus. The ecosystems under study differed by the trophicity levels, species composition of phytoplankton, and by its quantitative development. Attention is given to the formation of colonies constituted by aggregated phytoplankton cells. The mass (weight) of cells is significantly variable; the mass of cell aggregations varied to a lesser degree. Photosynthetic phytoplankton activity did not correlate directly with the extents of its aggregations.
Regularities of Production and Destruction Processes in Floodplain Water Bodies of the Mouth Section of the Dnieper at Different Water Regimes
137-152
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.120
V. S.
Polishchuk
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
V. M.
Yakushyn
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The dependence of the primary production and destruction of organic substances in the water bodies of the Dnieper mouth zone on their external water exchange was determined. The volumes of discharge released through the dam of the Kakhovska HEPS was estimated. The quantitative evaluation of the balance of self-contamination and self-purification and the trophic level of water bodies during different periods of water exchange and at different discharges released through the Kakhovka dam within the range of 300−1750 m3/s were evaluated. It has been shown that the discharges within 650−1250 m3/s are optimal in terms of water quality forming processes and providing the high biological productivity within water bodies of the Dnieper mouth zone.
Nutrition of Black Sea Ctenophore Mnemiopsis Depending on Zooplankton Composition
153-161
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.130
V. E.
Zaika
A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2, Nakhimov Prosp., 99011 Sevastopol, Crimea, Ukraine
N. K.
Revkov
Institute of the Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
The content of stomach of 320 Mnemiopsis leidyi specimens was investigated in July 1992 at 26 stations in the Black Sea. The data on structures and concentration of mesozooplankton were used in analysis of the connection of Mnemiopsis feeding and conditions of the fodder base. A list of food objects is given. The comparison of quantitative feeding parameters in regions of different food abundance and at separate stations is conducted. Close connection of feeding parameters with food abundance is shown. Pleopis, Bivalvia larvae, and Copepoda were the most numerous in ctenophore's stomachs, They differ by ctenophore capturing efficiency due to different ability to avoid contact with Mnemiopsis tentacles. The distinctions in feeding intensity of specimens of different sizes and in different time of the day are shown.
Quantitative Development of Phototrofic Picoplankton in Freshwater Ecosystems
162-184
10.1615/HydrobJ.v35.i6.140
Ye. V.
Lukyanova
Scientific Research Laboratory of Hydroecology Belorussian State University Minsk, Belarus
A survey of world publications on quantitative development of autotrophic picoplankton (APP) in freshwater ecosystems is given. APP is a permanent component of planktonic communities in all types of water bodies. Number of APP in water ecosystems of the Republic of Belarus during the year was within the limits 1.1·106−2.9·109 cells/L. Average values for vegetative season varied from 5.6·106 (in a mesotrophic lake) up to 1.2·109 cells/L (in a hypertrophic pond). Maximum development of APP has been detected during the cold period of the year (from late autumn till early spring), the minimum value is recorded in summer (July − August). Clear well-defined positive correlation of APP quantity with trophic state of water ecosystems is established.