Begell House Inc.
Hydrobiological Journal
HYD
0018-8166
36
3
2000
Radioecological Problems of Water Bodies in Ukraine
30
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i3.10
M. I.
Kuz'menko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Both the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and routine operation of other nuclear power plants are the main sources of radioactive contamination of water bodies of Ukraine. The data presented deals with the radioactive contamination of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, as well as with the distribution of radionuclides, their migration through trophic chains, and the influence of radionuclides upon hydrobionts. Disruptions in the biological systems of different levels of organization occurring under the influence of intensive radioactive contamination of aquatic ecosystems are considered.
Heavy Metals in Surface Waters of Ukraine: Their Content and Forms of Migration
24
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i3.20
P.N.
Linnik
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The results of long-term investigations of the content of some heavy metals (Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd) and forms of their migration in the water of the Dnieper reservoirs, Dnieper-Bug estuary, Dniester estuary, and the Ukrainian section of the Danube river are considered. Comparative studies were carried out on the influence of processes of adsorption and complexation upon the migration mobility of the studied metals and relationship between the forms of their occurrence in water bodies differing in their hydrological regime. It has been found that binding of heavy metals into complexes with dissolved organic substances or their adsorption on suspended particles is mainly responsible for the low content of "free" ions, which are among the most toxic forms.
Mechanisms of Symbiotic Interaction of Higher Aquatic Plants with the Accompanying Hydrocarbon-Oxidizing Microflora
10
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i3.30
A. A.
Ratushnyak
Institute of Ecology of Natural Ecosystems, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Kazan’ State University; and Central Control Institution of Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan’, Russia
M. G.
Andreyeva
Institute of Ecology of Natural Ecosystems, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Kazan’ State University; and Central Control Institution of Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan’, Russia
It has been found that the selective bacterial absorption of exometabolites produced by aquatic plants provides the basis for the symbiotic interaction of higher aquatic plants with the accompanying hydrocarbon-oxidizing microflora. The exogenous substances governing the acceleration or inhibition of the process of oil biodegradation have been identified.
Ecological Estimation of the Quality of Waters at Their Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis
4
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i3.40
The necessity of development of the unified methodology and methodical normative base for ecological estimation of water quality of river systems on territories of several countries is considered. The main provisions of the "Methods of ecological estimation of surface water quality by corresponding categories" designed in Ukraine are outlined, as well as those of the "Methods of map-making of the Ukrainian surface water ecological state by water quality" elaborated on that base. These documents can be used for development of international methodical approaches considering requirements of the EU Directives, as well as European and international standards for water quality.
Physiological and Biochemical Indication and Monitoring of the State of Hydrobionts in the Black Sea
11
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i3.50
G. Ye.
Shulman
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Sevastopol, Ukraine
This paper presents the results of research obtained on the assessment of "a degree of well-being" of mass fish and invertebrate species of the Black Sea using the physiologo-biochemical methods. It has been shown that the intensity of formation of energy reserves characterizes the food supply of marine animals and determines the peculiarities of their behavior and distribution. Based on that, the spatiotemporal monitoring of the state of the Black Sea hydrobionts was performed during many years. Metabolic indices of the degree of impact of negative environmental factors, and hypoxia in particular, on the hydrobionts were identified as well (anaerobic utilization of proteins, lipid peroxidation, muscle destruction, etc.). The program of further study for estimation of the state of the Black Sea ecosystem as a whole was outlined.
Hydroecological Characteristics of the Transborder Section of the Middle Reaches of the Dniester River
17
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i3.60
L. V.
Shevtsova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine; Kyiv University of Management and Business
I. Kh.
Bruma
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
O. A.
Kuz'ko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
T. D.
Sharapanovskaya
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
V. A.
Tkachenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
G. A.
Zhdanova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The ecological state of the transborder section of the middle reaches of the Dniester river is dealt with in the paper. The influence of the operation of the Dniester Waterworks upon the physical, chemical and hydrobiological indices of the river water, as well as upon the state of its fish fauna, was assessed.
Long-term Changes in Phytoplankton of the Upper Reaches of the Dnieper River
14
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i3.70
L. N.
Zimbalevskaya
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
V. D.
Beskaravaynaya
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Retrospective analysis of the results of the study of phytoplankton of the upper reaches of the Dnieper river carried out in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1980s was made. Changes in the species diversity, numbers, and biomass of all the main taxonomic groups of phytoplankton, as well as in the structure of its communities occurring in the riverbed, were followed from the source of the river to the upper section of the Kiev reservoir and in floodplain water bodies. The upper reaches of the Dnieper river can be characterized as (3-mesosaprobic zone in terms of the level of organic pollution.
Landscape and Cenotic Analysis of the Plant Cover of the Kanev Reservoir
10
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i3.80
T. N.
Dyachenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev
Ye. A.
Nabatova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Higher aquatic vegetation of the shallow waters of the Kanev reservoir was analyzed in the context of the study of its landscape. Nine types of landscape complexes were distinguished. A possibility to use the aggregations of plant sub-associations (according to the Braun-Blanquet approach) for distinguishing the lower units of the landscape organization of the reservoir was shown.
Distribution of Ephemeroptera larvae in water bodies of the Republic of Komi
12
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i3.90
V. M.
Sadyrin
Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Republick of Komi, Russia
The species composition, quantitative characteristics, ecology and geographical distribution of Ephemeroptera larvae in water bodies of the Republic of Komi were studied. At present 60 species of Ephemeroptera belonging to 23 genera and 11 families are registered within the studied territory. Rheophilous organisms are represented by 32 species, limnophilous - by 6 species, and the intermediate group of the lake-river organisms - by 22 species. The species of Ephemeroptera found in the course of investigations can be classified into four groups in the context of their zoogeographical subdivision; 30 species belong to the European and Siberian group, 22 species - to the European group, 6 species - to the circumboreal group, and one species to the Siberian and American group. Within the territory between the Urals and the Pechora basin, the number of European and Siberian species is higher than that in other sections. The highest indices of the biomass of Ephemeroptera larvae (0.23-3.68 g/m2) were registered on pebbly and stony bottom sediments.
Summer Phytoplankton of Lake Khubsugul (Mongolia)
4
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i3.100
L. R.
Izmestyeva
Scientific Research Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
O. M.
Kozhova
Scientific Research Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
In 1996 the species composition and quantitative indices of the development of phytoplankton, as well as chlorophyll α concentration, were determined in Lake Khubsugul. The data obtained suggests that the lake remains a water body of oligotrophic type. Lake Khubsugul is actually unaffected by anthropic load. Thus, only natural and climatic factors are responsible for the changes in its structural and functional parameters. Further monitoring is essential in solving the problem of a possible realignment of ecosystems under conditions of global climatic changes.