Begell House Inc.
Hydrobiological Journal
HYD
0018-8166
36
6
2000
Principles of Classification and Some Mechanisms of Structural and Functional Transformations of Freshwater Ecosystems under Conditions of Anthropic Load
24
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.10
L. P.
Braginskiy
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Anthropic factors influencing aquatic ecosystems were classified into the following six types: acidification, eutrophication, toxification, and radioactive, organic and thermal pollution. Appropriate states of anthropically changed (altered by human impact) ecosystems and symbols to designate them were proposed. Biological indicators corresponding to each state were determined. A concept of chain reactions in aquatic ecosystems as a response to anthropic influence is established and justified. Structural transformations of communities in aquatic ecosystems and methods of their analysis and prediction by means of cenograms, as well as their computer models, are considered. Six main states of aquatic ecosystems registered under conditions of anthropic load were determined. They include balanced (homeostatic), unbalanced, transformed, and degraded states, as well as the state of "ecological death" and reanimated (restored) state.
Relationship Between the Content of Chlorophyll a and Concentration of Nutrients in Water of the Dnieper Reservoirs
9
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.20
L. A.
Zhuravleva
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
A. V.
Kureyshevich
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Long-term dynamics of the concentration of nutrients and N/P ratio were compared with dynamics of the content of chlorophyll a in plankton of the Dnieper reservoirs. Positive correlation between the content of chlorophyll a and concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and N/P ratio was established in the end-cascade Kakhovka reservoir.
Hydrochemical Characteristics of Water of Balaklava Bay and Adjacent Coastal Part of the Black Sea
15
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.30
Ye. A.
Kuftarkova
Institute of the Biology of Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sevastopol, Ukraine
N. P.
Kovrigina
Institute of the Biology of Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sevastopol, Ukraine
N. Yu.
Rodionova
Institute of the Biology of Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sevastopol, Ukraine
Hydrochemical regime of Balaklava Bay and adjacent coastal part of the Black Sea is formed under the influence of anthropic load, water dynamics and hydrometeorological conditions. The shallow-water angular section of the bay receiving sewage is most contaminated. Heavy pollution of the bay and low water exchange are favorable for accumulation of pollutants in Balaklava Bay. This makes it possible to consider Balaklava Bay as a source of contamination of adjacent coastal part of the Black Sea.
Mercury in the Fish Organism (A Review)
15
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.40
Yu. D.
Konovalov
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
A review of problems connected with heavy metals accumulation in organs and tissues of fishes is presented. Special attention is paid to abiotic and biotic factors exerting their influence on the toxic action of mercury on the fish organism.
In vivo Assessment of the Organism State of Infected Carps by Indices of Skin Mucus
10
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.50
O. N.
Davydov
I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
I. A.
Balakhnin
I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
L. Ya.
Kurovskaya
Institute of Zoology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv, Ukraine
Effectiveness of some biochemical indices of skin mucus (hydrolases, proteins, carbohydrates) was demonstrated for in vivo evaluation of the fish health status in carps. Seasonal dynamics and the differences between age groups of carps should be taken into account for optimal testing.
Adsorption and Desorption of Cation Surface-active Substances by the "Aerosil" Preparation and its Influence on Immuno-physiological Indices in Carp Blood
10
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.60
O. N.
Davydov
I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
I. A.
Balakhnin
I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
K. P.
Kalinichenko
Institute of Zoology, and Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
L. Ya.
Kurovskaya
Institute of Zoology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv, Ukraine
The "Aerosil" preparation (on the silicon base) is an effective sorbent of cation surface-active substances (CSAS, cationic surfactants). Up to 83% of CSAS is adsorbed from water during 5−36 min, with their concentration equivalent to 30-100 maximum levels permitted in fishery. The CSAS desorption from the sorbent is significant (50−89%) in acid (pH = 5.4) and insignificant (2−13%) in weakly alkaline (pH = 7.6) medium. No pronounced adverse impact of "Aerosil" on biennial carp blood was detected.
The Role of Space Information in Solving Hydroeconomic and Hydroecological Problems
13
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.70
A. D.
Fedorovskiy
Earth Aerospace Research Centre, Institute of Geological Sciences National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
L. A.
Sirenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 12, Pr. Geroyev Stalingrada, 04210 Kiev, Ukraine
The methodical principles of space monitoring and control of water bodies, using water-resource Earth satellites with a multispectrum scanning equipment, are described. Spectral characteristics of optical and radioactive parameters and water body components were demonstrated. The new approach to space picture decoding was proposed based on usage of aquatic plant-landscape (phytolandscape) complexes. There are some examples for decoding space pictures of the Dnieper basin sections to assess their ecological state, trophic levels, distribution of chemical ad biological contamination ("water bloom"), multiyear changes in a hydrographic net of urban parts of riverside, levels of spring and summer floods, and consequences of hydrotechnical engineering. The effectiveness of space information used for elucidation of practical tasks of water economy and hydroecology is shown.
Sources of Errors and Methods of Their Elimination in Atomic Absorptive Identification of Heavy Metals in Objects of the Hydrosphere
7
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.80
I. B.
Zubenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
V. N.
Belokon'
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Interference of matrix and non-selective absorption measuring of Pb, Cu, Co, Cd, Zn, Mn in propane-butane flame for samples of water, suspension and bottom sediments of the Dnieper reservoirs has been determined. Methods of elimination of the interference influence for each metal are proposed.
On the Effect of Currents on Phytoplankton Distribution in Water Bodies (on the example of the Kremenchug Reservoir)
7
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.90
A. A.
Korobka
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
It is noted that currents and circulations formed by them affect the distribution patterns of hydrobionts, including phytoplankton, through the water area of inland water bodies. A regularity of this distribution, concentrations of algae in the zones having the anticyclonic type of water circulation, is confirmed by the concrete data of investigations conducted in the Kremenchug reservoir.
Cluster Analysis of the Hierarchy of Structures of Spatial Units of Aquatic Macrophytes
13
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.100
E. L.
Zvenigorodskiy
Engineering Ecology Center at Technical University, Vinnitsa; and Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
A. P.
Rotshtein
Engineering Ecology Center at Technical University, Vinnitsa; Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
T. N.
Dyachenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev
Based on processing of data of aerial photography of the Danube delta area by means of the Fuzzy Sets theory and cluster analysis, the results of clustering of units of aquatic macrophytes were obtained and verified.
Methodological Preconditions to Determine and Use the Ecological Standards of the Quality of Surface Waters
11
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.110
V. N.
Zhukinskiy
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The methodological ideas related to the purpose, contents, forms of expression, special features of the establishment and use of the new water-protective regulations of Ukraine (the ecological standard of the surface waters quality) are elucidated; the methods to determine values of that standard are developed. In addition to that, the experience, principles and concepts regarding the ecological standardization of the surface waters quality accepted by the UN, EC, USA and Canada, are taken into consideration.
Functioning of Bacterioplankton in Acidic Water Bodies of Karelia
10
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.120
T. M.
Timakova
Northern Water Problems Institute, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences Petrozavodsk, Russia
Microbiological processes of organic matter production and decomposition were studied in oligo- and meso-poly-humic water bodies of Karelia classified as acidic, slightly acidic, and neutral ones. The tendency for a decrease in organic matter primary production and biosynthetic activity of bacteria was registered with decreasing pH of water related to the deterioration of the processes of CO2 fixation both in the light and in the dark. This phenomenon was conditioned by the disruption of relationships among various forms of carbon and by almost a total absence (disappearance) of hydrocarbonate ions in the water bodies with pH = 5.5. The peculiarities of the processes of acidification occurring in oligo-humic and meso-poly-humic water bodies are considered.
Sinking Rates of Suspended Matter in Lakes of the Temperate Zone (Russia, Belorussia, and Lithuania)
13
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.130
L. P.
Umnova
Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
The process of sedimentation of seston, including suspended dry matter, suspended organic matter, and chlorophyll a, as well as their concentrations in water, were studied during fourteen years in eight lakes of the temperate zone by the method of sediment traps. The lakes studied differed in the content of suspended dry matter, suspended organic matter, and chlorophyll a by the factors of 40, 45 and 400 respectively. Sinking rates of these components of seston were measured. In all, 206 measurements were carried out. The values of sinking rates in the majority of cases ranged from 0.5 m/day to 1 m/day. Based on the original and literature data, it may be inferred that such sinking rates are typical of suspended matter naturally occurring in lakes of the temperate zone. Their values do not depend on the trophic level of lakes.
Successions of Higher Aquatic Vegetation in Bays of the Kiliya Delta of the Danube
8
10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.140
T. N.
Dyachenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev
Successions of higher aquatic vegetation in bays of the Kiliya (Romanian spelling: Chilia) delta are considered. It has been found that changes in the hydrological regime of the Kiliya delta of the Danube river conditioned by the natural processes of its development, hydro-construction performed in the middle reaches of the Danube river, and also by hydro-technical activities in the "Dunayskiye Plavni" reserve result in the transformation of the aquatic landscape of the delta and in successions of higher aquatic vegetation in its bays.
Contents for 2000
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10.1615/HydrobJ.v36.i6.150