Begell House Inc.
Hydrobiological Journal
HYD
0018-8166
37
5
2001
Radioactive Pollution of Water Bodies of Ukrainian Polissya and the Form of Presence of Radionuclides in Some Components of Aquatic Ecosystems
18
10.1615/HydrobJ.v37.i5.10
Ye. N.
Volkova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev
V. V.
Beliayev
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev
Z. O.
Shirokaya
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev
V. G.
Klenus
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev
M. I.
Kuz'menko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
T. P.
Prityka
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
V. A.
Karapish
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Results of radioecological investigations of ecosystems in fish-farming ponds and lakes in Ukrainian Polissya (Polesie, the "forest zone" of woodlands and wetlands in the northern part of Ukraine). These water bodies are situated on the Western track of the Chernobyl deposition of radionuclides. Concentrations of Cs-137 and Sr-90 are determined in abiotic and biotic components of ten water bodies situated in the territories differing by levels of their radioactive pollution. Correlations of dissolved to absorbed on the suspensions radionuclides are considered; existing forms of Cs-137 and Sr-90 in the bottom sediments are determined in some of the bodies of water. It is confirmed that distribution of Cs-137 in components of aquatic ecosystems under investigation is greatly conditioned by forms of presence ofradionuclides in bottom sediment. In three water bodies, Cs-137 concentrations in fishes 1.3-7.0 times exceeded the permissible levels for that radionuclide. Results obtained testify that in the Polissya zone of Zhytomyr and Rivne administrative regions the conditions exist that promote further accumulation ofradionuclides in lacustrine ecosystems.
Phenotypic Differentiation of the Sub-Population Groups of Dreissena Polymorpha Pall. under Conditions of a Heterogeneous System of Water Bodies
14
10.1615/HydrobJ.v37.i5.20
O. O.
Sinitsyna
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
The phenotypic structure of the population of Dreissena polymorpha Pall. was studied in the cooling system of two thermal power plants, including five lakes and one cooling pond. The peculiarities of the distribution of the groups of phenotypes over different habitats were revealed.
Involvement of Photosynthesizing Hydrobionts in Decomposition of Urea
12
10.1615/HydrobJ.v37.i5.30
The involvement of Cyanobacteria, Chlorophyta, and higher aquatic plants in the process of transformation of urea dissolved in water has been demonstrated. It has been found that the activity of urease of the studied hydrophytes changes under the influence of pH and heavy metals. It also depends on the concentration of substratum, and also on the morphological peculiarities of organisms.
Main Results of the Study of Zooplankton of the Arabian Sea by the Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
10
10.1615/HydrobJ.v37.i5.40
S. M.
Ignatyev
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
The main results of the study of zooplankton of the Arabian Sea by the Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, are presented. Zooplankton of the Arabian Sea is not diverse in its species composition, whereas the values of its biomass are rather high. Dominants are represented by a limited number of species. An essential transformation of the structure of zooplankton communities is registered under changes of the direction of monsoons.
Benthos of the Coastal Zone of the Southern Shore of the Crimea (Balaklava - Cape Aya): its Composition and State
10
10.1615/HydrobJ.v37.i5.50
N. K.
Revkov
Institute of the Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
Ye. A.
Kolesnikova
Institute of the Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
N. A.
Valovaya
Institute of the Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
T. V.
Mikhaylova
Institute of the Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
S. A.
Mazlumyan
Institute of the Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
V. K.
Shalyapin
Institute of the Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
Data on the species composition and quantitative indices of phyto- and zoobenthos of the coastal zone of the southern shore of the Crimea (Balaklava - Cape Aya) are presented. The present ecological situation in the region concerned has been assessed.
Ecological Aspects of the Hydrological Regime of the Kiev Section of the Kanev Reservoir
12
10.1615/HydrobJ.v37.i5.60
S. S.
Dubnyak
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
The main features of the hydrological regime of the Kiev section of the Kanev reservoir were analyzed based on the material obtained under natural conditions. The peculiarities of transformation of the waves of releases (drawdowns) of the Kiev Hydroelectric Power Station were revealed. The formulas for calculating their parameters have been proposed. The rates of water exchange conditioned by different factors were determined. Control over hydrological processes is one of the main ways of improving the ecological state of the Kiev section.
Peculiarities of Fish Metabolism under Conditions of Radioactive Pollution
8
10.1615/HydrobJ.v37.i5.70
V. D.
Solomatina
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
M. V.
Malinovskaya
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
M. A.
Fomovskiy
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
N. A.
Mogilevich
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
It has been stated that changes in the indices of protein, carbohydrate, lipid and energy metabolism in the liver of carps which lived in the cooling reservoir of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) are dependent on the degree of radionuclides accumulation in fish bodies.
Methods for Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand in the Natural Waters
18
10.1615/HydrobJ.v37.i5.80
V. V.
Udovichenko
T. Shevchenko National University Kiev, Ukraine Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
B. I.
Nabivanets
T. Shevchenko National University Kiev, Ukraine Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
Principal methods for determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the natural waters are considered and compared. The photometric and electrochemical analyzers are most often used in these determinations. Our attention is also focused on the methods for the removal of interfering influence of chloride ions on the results of analyses.
An Evaluation of Possible Changes in the Water Resources of Ukraine under Global Warming Conditions
13
10.1615/HydrobJ.v37.i5.90
N. S.
Loboda
Odesa State Ecological University
Odesa, Ukraine
Ye. D.
Gopchenko
Odessa State Ecological University, Odessa Branch of the Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine
The generalized results inferred from simulative mathematical modeling are presented. The situations considered were constructed by three alternative scenarios taking into account the influence of meteorological factors, heat balance and anthropogenous activity on climatic runoff in Ukraine. An analysis of water-heat energy balance enables a preliminary forecast of changes in annual runoff under conditions of global warming.
Study of the Algerian superphosphate toxicity for Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia affinis
8
10.1615/HydrobJ.v37.i5.100
E. P.
Scherban'
National Agrarian University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Vital, lethal and median concentrations of Algerian superphosphate for Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia affinis were determined in acute tests. Both chronic lethal (500 mg/L) and sublethal (250 mg/L) concentrations were detected in chronic experiments. At 25, 50 and 100 mg/L superphosphate concentrations demonstrated the stimulating effect on the rate of embryonic and postembryonic development, as well as, only particularly, on fertility of the crustaceans studied.
Electrophysiological Aspects of Biotesting of Toxicity of Aquatic Environment using Hydrophytes
16
10.1615/HydrobJ.v37.i5.110
A. P.
Pasichniy
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
I. M.
Velichko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Ye. A.
Pasichna
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
The bioelectric reaction of hydrophytes is an integrative index of chlorophyll photochemical activity, excretion of hydrogen into the environment, and enzymatic reactions of photosynthesis. Domination of some of those and inhibition of other processes determine the phase specificity of bioelectric reactions. Since the different phases are not equal, and bioelectric reaction is well reproduced under conditions of periodical alternation of dark and light expositions, it can be used both as acute and chronic biotests for aquatic environment biotesting.
The Content and Regularities of Distribution of Iodine in the Dnieper Reservoirs
9
10.1615/HydrobJ.v37.i5.120
A. V.
Shulyarenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
L. A.
Zhuravleva
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The results of the study of the content and dynamics of iodine in the Dnieper reservoirs in 1993-1995 have been generalized and systematized. The regularities of its temporal and spatial distribution in different reservoirs have been revealed.