Begell House Inc.
Hydrobiological Journal
HYD
0018-8166
40
2
2004
Changes in Phytoplankton of the Southern Part of the Scotia Sea (Antarctic Region) in Autumn 1998
9
10.1615/HydrobJ.v40.i2.10
M. S.
Savich
Kiev National University, Kiev, Ukraine
V. R.
Alekseyenko
Kiev National University, Kiev, Ukraine
The species composition, quantitative indices of development, and spatial distribution of phytoplankton of the Scotia Sea (Antarctic Region) were studied in autumn 1998. The peculiarities of development of phytoplankton were compared in various years differing in their climatic conditions. It has been found that the quantitative indices of development of phytoplankton, and also of other trophic components, varied over a wide range. In autumn 1998 the biomass of phytoplankton was as twice as higher than that registered in autumn 1997, whereas the biomass of Salpidae was higher by a factor of 1.5. At the same time, the biomass of zooplankton decreased by a factor of 2, whereas the numbers of Euphausia superba Dana larvae were two orders of magnitude lower than those observed in 1997.
Stages of the Study of Autotrophic Picoplankton of Lake Baikal
11
10.1615/HydrobJ.v40.i2.20
G. I.
Popovskaya
Limnological Institute Siberian Department of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Ulan-Batorskaya St., 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
O. I.
Belykh
Limnological Institute Siberian Department of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
Autotrophic picoplankton of Lake Baikal was studied during 30 years. New species of algae, including endemic organisms, were found there. It has been found that autotrophic picoplankton is the main chain of the trophic link of the lake. It is highly diverse in its species composition. Its maximum numbers are observed in winter. The numbers of autotrophic picoplankton inversely depend on the numbers of large phytoplankton. Mass development of phytoplankton in summertime registered after the period of spring water bloom formed by its large forms is responsible for the optimal functioning of the biota of Lake Baikal, and also for the formation of primary organic matter in the pelagic zone of the lake throughout the year.
Peculiarities of the Initial Formation of the Communities of Benthos and Periphyton in Reservoirs of the Upper Reaches of the Volga River
7
10.1615/HydrobJ.v40.i2.30
A. I.
Bakanov
Institute of Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences Borok, Russia
I. A.
Skalskaya
Institute of Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences Borok, Russia
B. A.
Flerov
Institute of Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences Borok, Russia
The stages of the formation of benthos and periphyton in reservoirs of the upper reaches of the Volga river were analyzed and compared on the example of the Gorkiy and Rybinsk reservoirs. Some common and distinct features of this process were revealed. The first stage of the formation of periphyton characterized by a predominance of Chironomidae larvae was closely similar to that of the formation of benthos. However, at present these ecological groups of hydrobionts essentially differ in many ecological characteristics.
Influence of the Intra-Daily Regime of the Operation of the Kiev Hydro-Electric Power Station on the Structure of Microphytobenthos of the Kiev Section of the Kanev Reservoir
9
10.1615/HydrobJ.v40.i2.40
L. P.
Yarmoshenko
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
The influence of the intra-daily regime of the operation of the Kiev Hydro-Electric Power Station on the structure of microphytobenthos of the Kiev section of the Kanev reservoir was investigated. At the maximum water level as a result of the operation of the station, the quantitative indices of development of microphytobenthos essentially decreased, whereas the composition of the complex of dominant species changed. At the same time, in the thickets of submerged higher aquatic plants at the maximum water level the numbers and biomass of microphytobenthos increased.
Stages and Peculiarities of Long-Term Succession of Zooplankton of the Pelagic Zone of the Kanev Reservoir
12
10.1615/HydrobJ.v40.i2.50
Results of the study of zooplankton of the pelagic zone of the Kanev reservoir at various stages of ecological succession are presented. It has been found that during the process of formation of the reservoir the species diversity of zooplankton, quantitative indices of its development, and also relationship between its main taxa essentially changed. At a later time, the species diversity and quantitative indices of development of zooplankton varied from year to year. At present zooplankton of the reservoir is a stable and productive biotic community, which is at the impulse-stable stage of its development.
Influence of Algal Metabolites on the Quality of Water Depending on the Action of Natural and Anthropic Factors
15
10.1615/HydrobJ.v40.i2.60
V. P.
Guseynova
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The experiments carried out using algal cultures and communities of phytoplankton have shown that light, temperature, pH, stirring of water, and its contamination by chemical substances influence the content of dissolved organic matter, and also relationship between its volatile and non-volatile fractions. It has been found that inhibition of the functioning of phytoplankton as a result of the increase in anthropic load is responsible for the increase in the role of algal metabolites in the formation of water quality.
Influence of the Environmental Conditions on Binding of Heavy Metals and Oxidative Decomposition of Biomolecules in Tissues of Anodonta cygnea (Bivalvia)
10
10.1615/HydrobJ.v40.i2.70
O. B.
Stoliar
Ternopil Teachers Training Institute
Ternopil, Ukraine
R. L.
Mykhayliv
Ternopil State Pedagogical University, Ternopil (Ternopol), Ukraine
Ye. V.
Mishchuk
Ternopil State Pedagogical University, Ternopil (Ternopol), Ukraine
Distribution of Zn, Cu and Mn among thermostable proteins and other components in the digestive gland, gills, and mantle of the bivalve Anodonta cygnea depends on ambient conditions and is tissue-specific. Under the action of copper, its content in high-molecular thermostable proteins increases, which correlates with the changes in their UV spectra. At the same time, the zinc content in non-protein thermostable components increases. In mollusks living in a pond, the content of Mn as part of low-molecular thermostable components increases significantly. An array of metals in metallothioneins remains stable. The content of oxidative modifications of proteins is a sensitive tissue-specific indicator of conditions under which a mollusk exists.
Survival Rate of Carp Eggs at Various Stages of Embryogenesis under the Action of Natural and Anthropic Factors
6
10.1615/HydrobJ.v40.i2.80
A. S.
Potrokhov
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev
Yu. M.
Khudiyash
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
O. G.
Zin'kovskiy
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
Based on the responses observed on developing carp eggs, it has been concluded that N-oxides derivative pyridine in low concentrations (0.001−0.1 mg/L) has an insignificant stimulating effect, whereas in high concentrations (100−700 mg/L) it is toxic for the carp spawn.
Response of the Cells of Ciliated Epithelium of Unionidae to the Influence of Heavy Metals
5
10.1615/HydrobJ.v40.i2.90
T. V.
Chernomaz
State Pedagogical University of Zhytomyr, Zhytomyr, Ukraine
The effects of chromium chloride, cadmium chloride, and zinc chloride on the duration of ciliary activity of the CE (ciliated epithelium) of gills and foot in Unio conus and U. rostratus gentilis were under study. The intensity of responses and duration of beating periods, in particular, depends on a salt tested and their concentrations. Correspondingly to that, there can be distinguished the phases of indifference, increased activity, depression, sublethal and lethal in activity of cilia.
Method of System Dynamics in Simulating the Problems in the Comprehensive Use of Water
10
10.1615/HydrobJ.v40.i2.100
A. D.
Fedorovskiy
Earth Aerospace Research Centre, Institute of Geological Sciences National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
I. Ye.
Timchenko
Marine Hydrophysical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sevastopol, Ukraine
L. A.
Sirenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 12, Pr. Geroyev Stalingrada, 04210 Kiev, Ukraine
V. G.
Yakimchuk
Earth Aerospace Research Centre, Institute of Geological Sciences National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
The possibility was investigated of developing a simulation ecological-economical model of control and management of interaction of users consuming the waters of natural-economic complexes. The model is based on the method of system dynamics. Three stages in the model development are considered: development of the conceptual model of a system, which reflects the main cause-effect relations between elements of the system; plotting of a system diagram of the model in the form of dynamic equations containing levels and flows united by feedback circuits; and formalization of the model. Simulation experiments with the model of a natural-economic complex showed adequate responses of the model to the changes of incoming levels.
Fundamentals of Methods for Studying Fish Blood Parasites
9
10.1615/HydrobJ.v40.i2.110
N. A.
Ovcharenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
A. A.
Losev
Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
The problems of modern methodology and principal techniques for studying the blood parasites of freshwater fishes are analyzed.
Trophic Interrelations in Predatory Fishes of Pacific Waters Circumambient the Northern Kuril Islands and Southeastern Kamchatka
19
10.1615/HydrobJ.v40.i2.120
A. M.
Orlov
All-Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow, Russia
Based on the materials collected during the field expeditions in 1992−1996, the diets of 12 predatory and 2 predatory-like fish species from the Pacific waters of the northern Kuril Islands and southeastern Kamchatka have been considered. Some aspects of their trophic relations have been analyzed. Based on comparisons of dietary overlap indexes (DOI) and taking into account annual dynamics of feeding intensity and spatial distribution of the species considered, the level of interspecific feeding competition of 17 pairs of predatory fishes having most similar rations has been estimated. The highest competition has been recorded for the following fish pairs: Sebastes borealis and Sebastolobus macrochir, and Bathyraja aleutica and B. maculata. Other species demonstrated low competition due to different levels of their ration mismatching, dynamics of feeding activity, and patterns of spatial distribution.