Begell House Inc.
International Journal of Physiology and Pathophysiology
IJPP
2155-014X
8
1
2017
Net Water Transport via Rat Colon Epithelium under the Experimental Dysbiosis
1-12
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v8.i1.10
Taisa
Dovbynchuk
Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Ludmila
Zakordonets
Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Andrei
Putnikov
Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Ihor
Vareniuk
Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Oleksandra
Tiapko
Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Nataliya
Roslova
Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Tatyana
Sergiychuk
Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Oksana V.
Lynchak
Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Mycola
Dzerzhynsky
Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Tetyana V.
Beregova
Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine; Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Ganna
Tolstanova
Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
colon
ceftriaxone
azithromycin
diarrhea
AQP 8
mast cells
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of cephalosporin antibiotic ceftriaxone (50 mg/kg, i/m) and macrolide antibiotic azithromycin (15 mg/kg, per.os) on net
water transport across rat colonic epithelium. The study was performed on male Wistar rats (180 − 250 g). Azithromycin and ceftriaxone were injected daily for 5 days. Net water transport was evaluated on the 6th day by the isolated colonic loop perfusion technique in vivo on anaesthetized rats. It has been revealed that azithromycin induced a 2.4-fold increase in water absorption, while ceftriaxone caused a 1.9-fold decrease. Five-day-long treatment with antibiotics didn't change the composition of the fecal and colonic parietal microbiota. Azithromycin-induced increase in water absorption was associated with upregulation of Aquaporin-8 (AQP 8)
water channel expression (P < 0.05) in the rat colonic mucosa. Conversely, ceftriaxone-induced decrease in water absorption did not affect the protein expression of AQP-8, but it resulted in pro-inflammatory changes in the structure of colonic mucosa and mast cells degranulation. Thus, we have shown for the first time the opposit effects of macrolide and cephalosporin antibiotics on the net water transport across the rat colonic epithelium.
Functional Activity of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells after Treatment with Hybrid Nanocomplexes, Containing Orthovanadates of Rare Earth Elements, Cholesterol and Luminescent Dye
13-23
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v8.i1.20
Anatoliy N.
Goltsev
Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine
Nataliya A.
Babenko
Institute of Biology, Kharkiv Karazin National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine; Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine
Yuliya A.
Gaevskaya
Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine
Olga V.
Chelombitko
Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine
Nikolay A.
Bondarovich
Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine
Tatyana G.
Dubrava
Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine
Maksim V.
Ostankov
Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine
Vladimir K.
Klochkov
Institute for Scintillation Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov,
Ukraine
Nataliya S.
Kavok
Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Institute for Scintillation Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov,
Ukraine
Yuriy V.
Malyukin
Institute for Scintillation Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov,
Ukraine
cancer stem cells
nanoparticles
Ehrlich ascites carcinoma
orthovanadates
Tumor development is the consequence of expanding the population of low differentiated cells with unlimited self-maintenance potential, i.e. cancer stem cells (CSCs). Application of new forms of nanocomposites capable of binding to CSCs and inducing the tumor destruction is a promising direction for treating this pathology. There have been developed the methods of obtaining hybrid nanocomplexes containing rare-earth orthovanadates GdYVO4: Eu3+, cholesterol, and luminescent dye Dil. By immune fluorescence method using monoclonal antibodies to CD44, CD24, CD117 and Sca-1 markers, there has been established the change in the ratio of tumor progenitors of various differentiation levels in a general pool of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) after treatment with hybrid nanocomplexes. Essential reduction of the concentration of the most tumorogenic CD44high cells with simultaneous rise in the number of CD117+-cells results in an increase in the index of CD44high / CD117+ ratio. It has been demonstrated that an application of hybrid nanocomplexes suppresses the tumor growth by almost 80%. The value of cooperative interactions of the cells with different phenotype signs in tumor sites has been proved. The index of CD44high / CD117+ ratio can be used as one of diagnostic and prognostic parameters of the development and inactivation rate of tumor process when using different types of anti-tumor therapy.
Tissue Blood Flow in the Digestive Organs of Rats with Acute Pancreatitis after Corvitin Administration
25-32
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v8.i1.30
Tetyana V.
Vovkun
Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Petro I.
Yanchuk
Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Lydia Y.
Shtanova
Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Anatoliy S.
Shalamay
PJSC SIC
"Borshchahivskiy Chemical Pharmaceutical Plant", Kyiv, Ukraine
L-arginine
acute pancreatitis
pancreas
liver
gastric mucosa
Corvitin
rate of blood flow
We have investigated the action of quercetin (in a modified form of Corvitin, Ukraine) on the volumetric blood flow (VBF) in the rat pancreas, the liver and gastric mucosa
in L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis (AP). The VBF was measured by hydrogen clearance method with its electrochemical generation using Polarographs Lr-9 (Czech Republic). During the first 10 days after AP modelling, we observed a gradual decrease in the VBF by 42%, 61%,
and 64% (P < 0.01) in the pancreas, the liver, and the gastric mucosa, respectively, compared to the intact animals in the rate of blood flow, that is, the most significant changes occurred in the gastric mucosa and the least pronounced − in the pancreas. Corvitin (5 mg/kg, once per day, from the 11th to the 20th days of experiment) to any extent promoted the recovery of the VBF in all investigated organs: fully in the pancreas, almost completely in the liver, and only partially in the gastric mucosa, compared with the control group of animals with modelling acute pancreatitis and administerating of only saline for 20 days. Thus, based on the obtained results, Corvitin may be recommended as a remedy for partial or complete correction of the blood flow
disturbances, arising in the pancreas and other organs of the digestive system in AP, by improving the functional state of these organs in the early stages of the disease and accelerating the full restoration of their functions.
Mitochondrial Respiration and Oxidative Phosphorylation in Rat Tissues under Oral Taurine Injection
33-44
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v8.i1.40
Roman D.
Ostapiv
Ivan Franko National University, Lviv, Ukraine; State Scientific Controlling Institute Of Veterinary Medical Products And Feed Additives, Lviv, Ukraine
Volodymyr V.
Manko
Ivan Franko National University, Lviv, Ukraine
taurine
mitochondrial respiration intensity
liver
brain
testes
femoral muscle
Taurine, sulphur-containing amino acid, is an essential component of mitochondrial matrix, where it maintains pH and is included in mitochondrial RNA transport. However,
it is still unclear how taurine affects ATP synthesis and activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain components. We investigated the effect of a long-term oral administration of taurine on mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation in the tissues of liver, brain, testes, and
femoral muscle of rats. For this, male Wistar rats weighing 190 − 220 g were divided into three experimental groups. We injected either drinking water (control group), or solution of taurine (40 or 100 mg / kg to I and II research groups, respectively), daily for 28 days. The rate of mitochondrial respiration was determined by a polarographic method using the Clark electrode during the oxidation of endogenous substrates (V1), addition of exogenous α-ketoglutarate (5 mmol / l) or succinate (1 mg / l), and when ADP was added to a final concentration of 200 μ;mol / l (V3), and after using ADP by the mitochondria (V4ATP). It turned out that the prolonged administration of taurine resulted in V1 increase in animals of both experimental groups in the liver and the brain by 50 − 60%, but in the testes and muscles it decreased in I research group by 48 − 73%. In the liver of animals of I experimental group, after oxidation of α-ketoglutarate and succinate, the values of V4S, V3, and V4ATP were 4 − 7 times higher than the control values. In the liver of animals of II experimental group, those indices under oxidation of α-ketoglutarate were higher by 57 − 126%. In the muscles of I experimental group, α-ketoglutarate and succinate evoked lowering of V3 and V4ATP by 41.4 − 60.9%, while in the muscles of animals of II experimental group, oxidation of α-ketoglutarate V3 was higher by 23.7%. Adding of succinate evoked V4S and V4ATP increase by 31 − 70% in the testes of animals of both experimental groups and in the brain of I experimental group. However, in the brains of II experimental group, respiration intensity (V4S), was lower by 38.3%. Thus, the effect of prolonged administration of taurine on the intensity of oxygen consumption by the mitochondria is dose-dependent and tissue-specific. The latter obviously is of different significance and is implemented by different mechanisms.
Body's Response to Dosed Hypoxic Hypoxia in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Pre-Diabetic Disorders of Hydrogen Metabolism
45-55
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v8.i1.50
Oleg V.
Korkushko
Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Valeriy B.
Shatilo
Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
V. P.
Chyzhova
Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
S. S.
Naskalova
Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Ye. D.
Osmak
Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
A. V.
Gremiakov
Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
I. A.
Antoniuk-Scheglova
Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
G. V.
Gavalko
Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
N. S.
Naumchuk
Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
pre-diabetic hydrogen metabolism disturbances
glucose tolerance test
insulin resistance
hypoxia
The aim of the study was to find out the features of body's response to acute hypoxic test in patients with pre-diabetic disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. The study involved
22 healthy subjects and 18 patients with pre-diabetic disorders of hydrogen metabolism, aged 50 to 74 years. Each of them underwent dosed hypoxic test (breathing gas mixture containing 12% oxygen for up to 20 minutes) with monitoring of blood saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate, blood pressure, heart rate, and a standard glucose tolerance test (GTT) to check the concentration of blood plasma glucose and insulin. The patients with pre-diabetic hydrogen metabolism disturbances revealed a significant decrease in SpO2 and less effective functioning of the respiratory and the cardiovascular systems compared with the healthy subjects without
impaired hydrogen metabolism. After redistribution of examined subjects into a subgroup with satisfactory resistance to hypoxia (subgroup 1, SpO2 more than 80%) and with low resistance to hypoxia (subgroup 2, SpO2 80% or less) depending on the degree of hypoxia-induced SpO2 decrease, we have found that the fasting glucose level after 2-hour GTT was significantly
higher in a subgroup 2 compared to a subgroup 1. The results obtained indicate the relationship of the body's response to hypoxia, including the degree of arterial hypoxemia in acute hypoxic test and the level of fasting glucose at a standard GTT. The patients with pre-diabetic disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism are characterized with lower resistance to hypoxic hypoxia.
Endothelial Monocyte Activating Peptide II: Serum Levels in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
57-63
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v8.i1.60
Liliya A.
Mogylnytska
Khmelnytsky Regional Hospital, Khmelnytsky, Ukraine
Olesya E.
Mogylnytska
Khmelnytsky Regional Hospital
EMAP-II
diabetes
endothelial dysfunction
We examined the content of endothelial monocyte activating peptide II (EMAP-II) in the serum and endothelium-dependent dilation in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), as well
as a possible link between these indicators in the surveyed subjects. Increased serum content of EMAP-II and weakening of endothelium-dependent dilation have been revealed. The content of the peptide correlated directly with the content of glycated hemoglobin, blood glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and inversely − with the content of high density lipoproteins and endothelium-dependent dilation. Elevated level of EMAP-II may reflect endothelial dysfunction in type 1 diabetes mellitus, and changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism
may affect the development of detected disorders.
Effect of Staphylococcus aureus Cell-Wall Peptidoglycan on the Rat Myometrial Contractility Regulation by Adenylate Cyclase Signaling System
65-76
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v8.i1.70
Lilit S.
Nasibyan
Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of
Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Igor B.
Philyppov
Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of
Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
peptidoglycan
Staphylococcus aureus
myometrium
contractile activity
B-adrenoceptors
adenylate cyclase signaling system
G-protein
Impact of Staphylococcus aureus cell-wall peptidoglycan on some links of Adenylate cyclase messenger system in the rat myometrial contractility was studied. Spontaneous and prostaglandin F2α-induced contractions of the myometrium were inhibited by non-selective adrenoceptor agonist noradrenaline and selective agonist of β2-adrenergic receptors salbutamol. Under this conditions peptidoglycan application fully restored myometrial contractility. The similar effect was observed after activating adenylate cyclase by forskolin. Simultaneously when myometrial contractions were reduced via increasing the intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by applying either 8-bromo-cAMP or papaverin, a non-selective inhibitor of cAMP-dependent phosphodiesterases, the effect of peptidoglycan was absent. Given the activation of Gs-protein by cholera toxin, peptidoglycan restored spontaneous activity and strengthened prostaglandin-induced contractions. Downregulation of Gi/o-protein by pertussis toxin evoked loss of capacity of peptidoglycan to restore spontaneous and induced contractile activities of the myometrium, suppressed by applying β-adrenergic agonists or forskolin. Thus, the effect of peptidoglycan on the rat myometrium contractility is associated with its ability to cause rapid desensitization of adenylate cyclase due to increased functional activity of Gi-protein.
Analysis of Association between 11 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
77-89
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v8.i1.80
Nataliya B.
Pranik
Bogomolets National Medical University, Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Sergii V.
Goncharov
Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Veronika L.
Gurianova
Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
V. G.
Maidannik
Bogomolets National Medical University, Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Mykola V.
Khaitovych
Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Olexiy O.
Moibenko
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Viktor E.
Dosenko
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
single nucleotide polymorphism
endothelium-dependent vasodilatation
type 1 diabetes mellitus
We studied the association between 11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 10 genes and the level of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDVD) in 45 children
suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus. Polymorphisms G894→T of the eNOS exon 7 and T-786→C of the eNOS promoter, A1266→G of the Eln exon 16, T-381→C of the NPPB promoter,
I\D of the ACE, Arg60→His of the LMP2, Met235→Thr of the AGT, A1166→C of the ATR1, C-1562→T of the MMP9, C-1306→T of the MMP2, and C-8→G of the PSMA6 were examined. It
has been shown that children with genotypes G/T by eNOS (G894→T), G/G by Eln (A1266→G), C/C by NPPB (T-381→C) and I/I by ACE genes have lower EDVD (P < 0.05) compared to the
patients with others allelic variants of these genes, and it is independent of the disease duration, the level of glycosylated hemoglobin, and baseline diameter of the brachial artery. The combination of the above genotypes most significantly affects EDVD decrease (r = 0.61; P <
0.01) compared to each separate genotype. Thus, the combined effect of genotypes G / T eNOS (G894→T), G / G Eln (A1266→G), C / C NPPB (T-381→C), and I / D ACE on endothelial function in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus is more significant than the duration of the disease and the level of HbAlc.
Cumulus Cell Genes as Potential Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of the Quality of Oocytes and Embryos
91-98
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v8.i1.90
Olena A.
Shepel
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Tetyana Yu.
Voznesenska
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Taras V.
Blashkiv
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Roman I.
Yanchii
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
oocyte quality
cumulus cell gene expression
cyclooxygenase 2
gremlin 1
hyaluronic acid synthase 2
The review presents recent data on genes that are potential biomarkers for selection of oocytes and embryos in the program of in vitro fertilization (IVF). The selection of embryos with high implantation potential is the most important task in assisted reproductive technologies.
Today, selection of embryos is based on subjective morphological criteria, such as growth rate, early cleavage, the degree of fragmentation, and blastocyst formation. However, the morphological assessment alone fails to predict accurately embryo competence. So, the development of objective, accurate, fast, and acceptable tests to determine oocyte quality and embryo viability could increase the chance of a successful pregnancy and reduce the number of embryos grafted. New technologies, the so-called OMIKS, allow to identify novel biomarkers that can be used in a cycle of in vitro fertilization (IVF) for oocyte and / or embryo selection. During folliculogenesis, an oocyte plays a dominant role in regulation of cumulus (CC) and granulosa cell (GC) functions, and it is consequently believed that functions of GC and CC indirectly reflect oocyte's competence. Since cell functions and active cell processes are regulated through gene expression, gene expression analysis in GC and/or CC could provide a noninvasive method for identification of the most competent oocytes and embryos. In cumulus cells, genes characterizing the oocyte ability to undergo meiotic maturation, successful fertilization, and early embryonic development have been identified, including cyclooxygenase 2, gremlin 1, and hyaluronan synthase-2 which play an important role during oocyte development, ovulation, and fertilization.