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International Journal of Energetic Materials and Chemical Propulsion

Published 6 issues per year

ISSN Print: 2150-766X

ISSN Online: 2150-7678

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 0.7 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 0.7 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.1 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00016 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.18 SJR: 0.313 SNIP: 0.6 CiteScore™:: 1.6 H-Index: 16

Indexed in

EFFECT OF REACTION KINETIC SCHEMES ON GRAPHITE ROCKET NOZZLE EROSION RATES

Volume 9, Issue 1, 2010, pp. 71-90
DOI: 10.1615/IntJEnergeticMaterialsChemProp.v9.i1.50
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ABSTRACT

The propulsive performance of solid rocket motors experiences degradation due to the erosion of the exposed internal surface of the rocket nozzle. Generally, the ammonium perchlorate/hydroxylterminated polybutadiene composite propellants used in the rocket motors generate high concentrations of oxidizing species such as H2O, OH, and CO2 in the combustion products at temperatures ranging from 2800 to 3100 K. The combined high temperature and high oxidizing species concentration provide detrimental conditions for the graphite material erosion via heterogeneous chemical reactions. Earlier, the authors utilized a comprehensive numerical program called graphite nozzle erosion minimization (GNEM) code for prediction of graphite nozzle throat erosion rates as a function of pressure and propellant composition. The GNEMcode is a comprehensive predictive code for simulation of compressible turbulent reacting boundary layer flows. From this study, it was found that the magnitudes of nozzle throat erosion rate strongly depend on the chemical kinetic scheme when nonmetallized solid propellants were used under relatively low operating pressures (P ≶ 8 MPa). This observation put strong emphasis on the importance of using more accurate and definitive kinetic parameters for graphite oxidation reactions, especially at conventional rocket motor operating pressures. In this work, the GNEM code was modified to include the von K´arm´an equation for convective heat transfer calculations and compared with the Bartz correlation. The high-temperature, high-pressure semiglobal reaction kinetics recently developed by Culbertson and Brezinsky (Culbertson, B. and Brezinsky, K., High-pressure shock tube studies on carbon oxidation reactions with carbon dioxide and water, Energy Fuels, vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 5806–5812, 2009) was coupled with the GNEM code and compared to the reaction kinetics established earlier by Libby-Blake (Libby, P. A. and Blake, T. R., Burning carbon particles in the presence of water vapor, Combust. Flame, vol. 41, pp. 123–147, 1981), Golovina (Golovina, E. C., The gasification of carbon by carbon dioxide at high temperatures and pressures, Carbon, vol. 18, pp. 197–201, 1980), and Bradley et al. (Bradley, D., Dixon-Lewis, G., Habik, S. E., and Mushi, E. M. J., The oxidation of graphite powders in flame reaction zone, Proceedings of 20th Symposium (International) on Combustion, vol. 20, pp. 931–940, 1984). A comparison of experimental data and predicted results from GNEM code shows the best agreement with the results obtained with the kinetic parameters obtained by Bradley et al. (1984), followed by Culbertson and Brezinsky (2009).

CITED BY
  1. Nasuti Francesco, Bianchi Daniele, Carbon-Carbon Nozzle Erosion and Shape-Change Effects in Full-Scale Solid-Rocket Motors, Journal of Propulsion and Power, 28, 4, 2012. Crossref

  2. Bianchi Daniele, Turchi Alessandro, Nasuti Francesco, Onofri Marcello, Chemical Erosion of Carbon-Phenolic Rocket Nozzles with Finite-Rate Surface Chemistry, Journal of Propulsion and Power, 29, 5, 2013. Crossref

  3. Bianchi Daniele, Nasuti Francesco, Onofri Marcello, Radius of Curvature Effects on Throat Thermochemical Erosion in Solid Rocket Motors, 50th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, 2012. Crossref

  4. Acharya Ragini, Kuo Kenneth, Numerical Simulation of Graphite Nozzle Erosion with Parametric Analysis, 46th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit, 2010. Crossref

  5. Bianchi Daniele, Nasuti Francesco, Onofri Marcello, Radius of Curvature Effects on Throat Thermochemical Erosion in Solid Rocket Motors, Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 52, 2, 2015. Crossref

  6. Turchi Alessandro, Bianchi Daniele, Thakre Piyush, Nasuti Francesco, Yang Vigor, Radiation and Roughness Effects on Nozzle Thermochemical Erosion in Solid Rocket Motors, Journal of Propulsion and Power, 30, 2, 2014. Crossref

  7. Vignoles Gerard L., Lachaud Jean, Aspa Yvan, Environmental Effects: Ablation of C/C Materials-Surface Dynamics and Effective Reactivity, in Ceramic Matrix Composites, 2014. Crossref

  8. Turchi Alessandro, Bianchi Daniele, Thakre Piyush, Nasuti Francesco, Yang Vigor, Radiation and Roughness Effects on the Thermochemical Erosion of Ablative Materials in Rocket Nozzles, 51st AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, 2013. Crossref

  9. Sabagh Samire, Arefazar Ahmad, Bahramian Ahmad Reza, Thermochemical erosion and thermophysical properties of phenolic resin/carbon fiber/graphite nanocomposites, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 35, 24, 2016. Crossref

  10. Bianchi Daniele, Turchi Alessandro, Nasuti Francesco, Numerical Analysis of Nozzle Flows with Finite-Rate Surface Ablation and Pyrolysis-Gas Injection, 47th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit, 2011. Crossref

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