Library Subscription: Guest
International Journal of Energetic Materials and Chemical Propulsion

Published 6 issues per year

ISSN Print: 2150-766X

ISSN Online: 2150-7678

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 0.7 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 0.7 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.1 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00016 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.18 SJR: 0.313 SNIP: 0.6 CiteScore™:: 1.6 H-Index: 16

Indexed in

COMBUSTION MECHANISM OF TETRA-OL GLYCIDYL AZIDE POLYMER AND ITS APPLICATION TO HYBRID ROCKETS

Volume 8, Issue 6, 2009, pp. 555-570
DOI: 10.1615/IntJEnergeticMaterialsChemProp.v8.i6.70
Get accessGet access

ABSTRACT

A basic study to clarify the combustion mechanism of glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) has been conducted. Temperature during the strand burner and 60-mm diameter motor tests was measured. The strand tests were performed with 2.5-μm diameter S-type thermocouple, embedded in GAP samples, with pressure ranging from 1 to 10 MPa. The 60-mm diameter motor tests were done with end-burning grains and the temperature inside the motor was measured with a 1.0 mm diameter K-type thermocouple with a pressure range from 3 to 10 MPa. The motor tests show the gas temperatures to be approximately 80 K higher than the strand tests and both temperatures are significantly lower than adiabatic temperature. The efficiency of C*, ηC*, is in the range of 0.7 to 0.85 depending on pressure and L*. Combustion residue of GAP was investigated and it was found to be composed of soot (black in color), high viscosity residue, and a yellow powder, which was only observed at high pressures. These residues were analyzed by means of Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and mass balance was also measured. One-dimensional three-phase mode combustion model of GAP has been constructed based on the Beckstead model. Modifications were made taking into account experimental observations. A blow-off mechanism was added in residue behavior and full kinetics chemistry was entrained in the bubbles at the two phase region. The burning rate and temperature profile were numerically simulated adjusting for kinetic parameters. The rapid temperature increase and final temperature are expressed well in this simulation and the calculated burning rate coincides well at medium pressures.

REFERENCES
  1. Kubota, N. and Sonobe, T., Combustion Mechanism of Azide Polymer.

  2. Wang, T., Li, S., Yang, B., Huang, C., and Li, Y., Thermal Decomposition of Glycidyl Azide Polymer Studied by Synchrotoron Photoionization Mass Spectrometry.

  3. Korobeinichev, O.P., Kuibiba, L.V., Volkov, E.N., and Shmakov, A.G., Mass Spectrometric Study of Combustion and Thermal Decompositon of GAP.

  4. Zenin, A.A. and Finjakov, S.V., Physics of GAP Combustion.

  5. Puduppakkam, V.K. and Beckstead, W.M., GLYCIDYL AZIDE POLYMER Combustion Modeling.

  6. Davidson, E.J. and Beckstead, W.M., A Mechanism and Model for GAP Combustion.

  7. Puduppakkam, V.K. and Beckstead, W.M., Combustion Modeling of Glycidyl Azide Polymer with Detailed Kinetics.

  8. Kim, S.E., Yang V., and Liau, C.Y., Modeling of HMX/GAP Pseudo-Propellant Combustion.

  9. Togo, S., Kobayashi, K., Shimada, T., Niimi, Y., Seike, Y., Nishioka, M., and Hori, K., Modified Burning Rate Spectrum and Combustion Mechanism of Tetra-Ol GAP.

  10. Lengelle, G., Fourest, B., Godon, J.C., and Guin, C., Condensed Phase Behavior and Ablation Rate of Fuels for Hybrid Propulsion.

  11. Tang, C.J., Lee, Y., and Litzinger, T.A., Simultaneous Temperature and Species Measurements of the Glycidyl Azide Polymer (GAP) Propellant During Laser-Induced Decomposition.

  12. Arisawa, H. and Brill, T.B., Thermal Decomposition of Energetic Materials 71: Structure-Decomposition and Kinetc Relationships in Flash Pyrolysis of Glycidyl Azide Polymer (GAP).

  13. Kuwahara, T., Mitsuno, M., Odajima, H., Kubozuka, S., and Kubota, N., Combustion Characteristics of Gas Hybrid Rockets.

  14. Kuwahara, T., Mitsuno, M., and Odajima H., Combustion Characteristics of Gas-Hybrid Rockets.

  15. Parasad, K., Yetter, R.A., and Smooke, M.D., An Eigenvalue Method for Computing the Burning Rates of RDX Propellants.

CITED BY
  1. Zhang Guangpu, Li Jinqing, Zhang Mengyun, Sun Shixiong, Luo Yunjun, Multistep pyrolysis behavior of core-shell type hyperbranched azide copolymer: Kinetics and reaction mechanism via experiment and simulation, Fuel, 224, 2018. Crossref

Begell Digital Portal Begell Digital Library eBooks Journals References & Proceedings Research Collections Prices and Subscription Policies Begell House Contact Us Language English 中文 Русский Português German French Spain