Library Subscription: Guest
International Journal of Energetic Materials and Chemical Propulsion

Published 6 issues per year

ISSN Print: 2150-766X

ISSN Online: 2150-7678

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 0.7 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 0.7 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.1 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00016 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.18 SJR: 0.313 SNIP: 0.6 CiteScore™:: 1.6 H-Index: 16

Indexed in

SOL-GEL-SUPERCRITICAL SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF NITROCELLULOSE/GLYCIDYLAZIDE POLYMER/PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE NANOCOMPOSITES

Volume 19, Issue 3, 2020, pp. 199-211
DOI: 10.1615/IntJEnergeticMaterialsChemProp.2020030624
Get accessGet access

ABSTRACT

Nitrocellulose/glycidylazide polymer/pentaerythritol tetranitrate (NC/GAP/PETN) nanocomposite energetic materials were successfully fabricated by sol-gel and supercritical drying methods. The microstructure of the nanocomposite was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared (IR), X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. SEM pictures showed that the NC/GAP skeleton had nanoporous structure, and the PETN particles were enveloped in the gel skeleton. PETN did not undergo a phase transition during the reaction, and the molecular structures of NC, GAP, and PETN did not transform. The specific surface area of NC/GAP matrix was much higher than nanocomposite with PETN. Differential scanning calorimetry-IR was used to study the decomposition products of NC/GAP/PETN, and the main products contain CO2, N2O, and such. The energy performance was calculated, and the results implied that the energy performance will be higher as the content of NC increases. The results of the impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity tests show that the safety of nanocomposites becomes higher with the content of GAP increasing.

REFERENCES
  1. Bayat, Y., Shirazinia, S.R., and Marandi, R., (1992) Ultrasonic Assisted Preparation of Nano HMX, Plant. Foods. Human. Nutri., 43, pp. 63-70.

  2. Bayat, Y., Zarandi, M., and Zarei, M.A., (2014) A Novel Approach for Preparation of CL-20 Nanoparticles by Microemulsion Method, J. Mol. Liq., 193, pp. 83-86.

  3. Chen, T., Jiang, W., and Du, P., (2017) Facile Preparation of 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-Tetrazocane/Glycidylazide Polymer Energetic Nanocomposites with Enhanced Thermolysis Activity and Low Impact Sensitivity, Rsc. Adv., 7(10), pp. 5957-5965.

  4. Chi, Y., Huang, H., and Li, J.S., (2007) Preparation of RDX/SiO2 Nanocomposite Energetic Materials by Sol-Gel Method, Chinese J. Energ. Mater, 15(1), p. 16-.

  5. Chen, R.J., Luo, Y.J., and Sun, J., (2012) Preparation and Properties of an AP/RDX/SiO2 Nanocomposite Energetic Material by the Sol-Gel Method, Propell. Explos. Pyrot., 37(4), pp. 422-426.

  6. Deng, P., Ren, H., and Jiao, Q.J., (2019) Enhanced the Combustion Performances of Ammonium Perchlorate-Based Energetic Molecular Perovskite Using Functionalized Graphene, Vacuum, 169, p. 108882. DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2019.108882.

  7. Deng, P., Ren, H., and Jiao, Q.J., (2020) Enhanced Thermal Decomposition Performance of Sodium Perchlorate by Molecular Assembly Strategy, IONICS, 26(2), pp. 1039-1044. DOI: 10.1007/s11581-019-03301-0.

  8. Guo, X.D., Ouyang, G., and Liu, J., (2015) Massive Preparation of Reduced-Sensitivity Nano CL-20 and Its Characterization, J. Energ. Mater, 33(1), pp. 24-33.

  9. Gao, K., Li, G.P., and Luo, Y.J., (2014) Preparation and Characterization of the AP/Al/Fe2O3 Ternary Nano-Thermites, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 118(1), pp. 43-49.

  10. He, B.D., Stepanov, V., and Qiu, H.W., (2015) Production and Characterization of Composite Nano-RDX by RESS Co-Precipitation, Propell. Explos. Pyrotech., 40(5), pp. 659-664.

  11. Jin, M.M. and Luo, Y.J., (2014) Preparation and Thermal Properties of NC/RDX Nano-Composite Energetic Materials, Acta. Arma., 35(6), pp. 822-827.

  12. Jin, M.M., Wang, G., and Deng, J.K., (2015) Preparation and Properties of NC/RDX/AP Nano-Composite Energetic Materials by the Sol-Gel Method, J. Sol-Gel. Sci. Techn., 76(1), pp. 58-65.

  13. Kumar, R., Siril, P.F., and Soni, P., (2014) Preparation of Nano-RDX by Evaporation Assisted Solvent Antisolvent Interaction, Propell. Explos. Pyrot., 39(3), pp. 383-389.

  14. Kissinger, H.E., (1957) Reaction Kinetics in Differential Thermal Analysis, Anal. Chem., 29( 11), pp. 1702-1706.

  15. Liu, J., Wei, J., and Li, F.S., (2014) Effect of Drying Conditions on the Particle Size, Dispersion State, and Mechanical Sensitivities of Nano HMX, Propell. Explos. Pyrot., 39(1), pp. 30-39.

  16. Liu, J., Li, Q., andZeng, J.B., (2013) Mechanical Pulverization for the Production of Sensitivity Reduced Nano-RDX, Explos. Mater, 42(3), pp. 1-5.

  17. Li, G.P., Liu, M.H., and Shen, L.H., (2015) Preparation and Thermal Properties of RDX/GAP Nanocomposite Energetic Materials, Chinese J. Explos. Propell., 38(2), pp. 25-29.

  18. Nazare, A.N., Asthana, S.N., and Singh, H., (1992) Glycidyl Azide Polymer (GAP)-An Energetic Component of Advanced Solid Rocket Propellants-A Review, J. Energ. Mater., 10(1), pp. 43-63.

  19. Pourmortazavi, S.M., Hosseini, S.G., and Rahimi-Nasrabadi, M., (2009) Effect of Nitrate Content on Thermal Decomposition of Nitrocellulose, J. Hazard. Mater, 162(2-3), pp. 1141-1144.

  20. Qiao, Y., Liu, J., and Xiao, L., (2016) Study on Thermal Decomposition Characteristics and Sensitivities of Nano-RDX based PBX, Explos. Mater., 45(3), pp. 17-21.

  21. Qiu, H., Stepanov, V., and Di, S.A., (2011) RDX-Based Nanocomposite Microparticles for Significantly Reduced Shock Sensitivity, J. Hazard. Mater, 185(1), pp. 489-493.

  22. Sovizi, M.R., Hajimirsadeghi, S.S., and Naderizadeh, B., (2009) Effect of Particle Size on Thermal Decomposition of Nitrocellulose, J. Hazard. Mater., 168(2), pp. 1134-1139.

  23. Shang, F.F., Zhang, J.L., and Zhang, X.L., (2012) Preparation and Characterization of Nano-CL-20 with Solution Enhanced Dispersion by Supercritical Fluids, Chinese J. Explos. Propell., 35(6), pp. 37-40.

  24. Song, X.L., Wang, Y., and An, C.W., (2008) Dependence of Particle Morphology and Size on the Mechanical Sensitivity and Thermal Stability of Octahydro-1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-Tetrazocine, J. Hazard. Mater., 159(2-3), pp. 222-229.

  25. Stepanov, V., Krasnoperov, N., and Elkina, B., (2005) Production of Nano Crystalline RDX by Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions, Propell. Explos. Pyrot., 30(3), pp. 178-183.

  26. Song, X.L., Li, F.S., and Zhang, J.L., (2009) Preparation, Mechanical Sensitivity and Thermal Decomposition of AP/Fe2O3 Nanocomposite, J. Solid. Roc. Tech, vol. 32(3), pp. 306-309.

  27. Song, K.P., Song, X.L., and Zhang, S.H., (2011) Preparation and Performaces of ADN/Fe2O3 Nanocomposite Oxidant, J. Explos. Propell., 34(5), pp. 63-66.

  28. Shi, X.F., Wang, J.Y., and Li, X.D., (2015) Preparation and Properties of HMX/Nitrocellulose Nanocom-posites, J. Prop. Power., 31(2), pp. 757-761.

  29. Tillotson, T.M., Hrubesh, L.W., and Simpson, R.L., (1998) Sol-Gel Processing of Energetic Materials, J. Non-Cryst. Solid., 225, pp. 358-363.

  30. Tappan, B.C. and Brill, T.B., (2010) Thermal Decomposition of Energetic Materials 86. Cryogel Synthesis of Nanocrystalline CL-20 Coated with Cured Nitrocellulose, Propell. Explos. Pyrotech., 28(5), pp. 223-230.

  31. Wang, J.Y, Wang, R.H., and Liu, F., (2014) Preparation of Nano-Composite Energetic Material RDX / Fe2O3 by Sol-Gel Method, J. Solid. Roc. Tech., 37(2), pp. 228-232.

  32. Wang, Y., Song, X.L., and Song, D., (2016) Synthesis, Thermolysis, and Sensitivities of HMX/NC Energetic Nanocomposites, J. Hazard. Mater., 312, pp. 73-83.

  33. Wang, Y, Zhang, M., and Song, X.L., (2019) Characteristics and Properties of Nitrocellulose/Glycidyl Azide Polymer/2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexaazaisowurtzi-Tane Nanocomposites Synthesized Using a Sol-Gel Supercritical Method, Nanomater. Nanotechno., 9, pp. 1-12.

  34. Yang, Q., Liu, J., and Zeng, J.B., (2014) Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Nano-HMX based PBX, Chinese J. Explos. Propell, 37(6), pp. 16-19.

  35. Yang, G.C., Nie, F.D., and Li, J.S., (2007) Preparation and Characterization ofNano-NTO Explosive, J. Energ. Mater, 25(1), pp. 35-47.

  36. Zeng, J.B., Liu, J., and Wang, L.X., (2014) Preparation, Thermal Performance Analysis and Sensitivities Study of Nano HMX, Explos. Mater, 43(1), pp. 8-12.

Begell Digital Portal Begell Digital Library eBooks Journals References & Proceedings Research Collections Prices and Subscription Policies Begell House Contact Us Language English 中文 Русский Português German French Spain