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Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants

Published 4 issues per year

ISSN Print: 1050-6934

ISSN Online: 1940-4379

SJR: 0.184 SNIP: 0.485 CiteScore™:: 1.1 H-Index: 39

Indexed in

Electrostimulation for Refractory Epilepsy: A Review

Volume 26, Issue 3, 2016, pp. 253-260
DOI: 10.1615/JLongTermEffMedImplants.2016017569
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ABSTRACT

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that has been diagnosed in approximately 1% of the world's population. In North America alone, more than 3 million individuals suffer from epilepsy. Antiepileptic drugs are not fully effective in some patients, and most drugs have adverse side effects. Recently, several stimulation techniques (responsive neural, vagal nerve, transcranial magnetic, and deep brain) have been used as adjunct therapies to treat medically refractive seizures. Since its Food and Drug Administration approval in 2013, responsive neural stimulation (RNS), a closed-loop electrical stimulation system, has emerged as a potential therapeutic alternative to treat patients with epilepsy (PWE). RNS consists of a cranially implantable neurostimulator that sends electrical pulses using depth electrodes to epileptic foci/focus after the device senses irregular electrical activity, thus avoiding the onset of a seizure. In a long-term study that lasted 7 yr and involved more than 245 patients using RNS, results showed that16% of patients were seizure free, 60% had 50% or greater seizure reduction, and 84% had some improvement. Quality of life improved in 44% of the patients by the end of the second year. There is a need for more, larger, well-designed, randomized, controlled trials to validate and optimize efficacy and safety of invasive intracranial neurostimulation treatments in PWE. This article highlights the effects of treating patients with medically refractive seizures using RNS.

CITED BY
  1. Chang Bowen, Xu Jiwen, Deep brain stimulation for refractory temporal lobe epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis with an emphasis on alleviation of seizure frequency outcome, Child's Nervous System, 34, 2, 2018. Crossref

  2. Bay Hüsniye Hacıoğlu, Özkan Mazhar, Onat Filiz, Çavdar Safiye, Do the Dento-Thalamic Connections of Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg Differ from Those of Control Wistar Rats?, Brain Connectivity, 9, 9, 2019. Crossref

  3. Graley Christina, Aubert Rachel, Gowda Soundarya N., Holloway Kathryn, Responsive neuro stimulation [RNS] system for management of refractory status epilepticus, Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery, 24, 2021. Crossref

  4. Dong Changxu, Zhao Yanna, Zhang Gaobo, Xue Mingrui, Chu Dengyu, He Jiatong, Ge Xinting, Attention-based Graph ResNet with focal loss for epileptic seizure detection, Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments, 14, 1, 2022. Crossref

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