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Numerical Modeling of Coil Compaction in the Treatment of Cerebral Aneurysms Using Porous Media Theory

Volume 12, Issue 9, 2009, pp. 887-897
DOI: 10.1615/JPorMedia.v12.i9.50
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ABSTRACT

A numerical model was developed to quantify the reduction in blood velocity and pressure resulting from the placement of endovascular coils within a cerebral aneurysm using physiological velocity waveforms. The flow characteristics within the aneurysm sac were modeled using the volume-averaged porous media equations. We studied the effects of narrow and wide aneurysmal necks on the velocity fields and pressure within the aneurysmal sac in the absence of the coils. Within the sac at peak systole, wide-neck aneurysms experience higher velocity and pressure than narrow-neck aneurysms. Our study shows that velocity fields are significantly affected by the presence of an endovascular coil within the aneurysm sac. Moreover, we estimated that a volume density of a 20% platinum coil in the aneurysmal sac was sufficient to cause sufficient blood flow arrest in the aneurysm to allow for thrombus formation. A new model based on the porous media theory is proposed for the study of the effects of coiling in brain aneurysms. Porous media theory permits the study of fluid motion across small spaces of variable and complex geometry. A simple formula to calculate the length of platinum wire required to achieve flow arrest within an aneurismal sac of known diameter is presented.

CITED BY
  1. Marafie Alia, Khanafer Khalil, Pop Ioan, Non-Darcian Effects on Buoyancy-Induced Heat Transfer in a Partially Divided Square Enclosure with Internal Heat Generation, Transport in Porous Media, 84, 3, 2010. Crossref

  2. Robertson A.M., Watton P.N., Computational Fluid Dynamics in Aneurysm Research: Critical Reflections, Future Directions, American Journal of Neuroradiology, 33, 6, 2012. Crossref

  3. Otani Tomohiro, Nakamura Masanori, Fujinaka Toshiyuki, Hirata Masayuki, Kuroda Junko, Shibano Katsuhiko, Wada Shigeo, Computational fluid dynamics of blood flow in coil-embolized aneurysms: effect of packing density on flow stagnation in an idealized geometry, Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 51, 8, 2013. Crossref

  4. Jeong W., Han M.H., Rhee K., The hemodynamic alterations induced by the vascular angular deformation in stent-assisted coiling of bifurcation aneurysms, Computers in Biology and Medicine, 53, 2014. Crossref

  5. Otani Tomohiro, Ii Satoshi, Shigematsu Tomoyoshi, Fujinaka Toshiyuki, Hirata Masayuki, Ozaki Tomohiko, Wada Shigeo, Computational study for the effects of coil configuration on blood flow characteristics in coil-embolized cerebral aneurysm, Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 55, 5, 2017. Crossref

  6. Yadollahi-Farsani Hooman, Herrmann Marcus, Frakes David, Chong Brian, A New Method for Simulating Embolic Coils as Heterogeneous Porous Media, Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology, 10, 1, 2019. Crossref

  7. Ren Dongcheng, Li Jiasheng, Zhou Bo, Guo Shijie, Guo Baolei, Modeling of the dynamics of vascular embolization by using porous media for the design of injection robots of embolic agents, Medical Engineering & Physics, 101, 2022. Crossref

  8. Khanafer Khalil, Vafai Kambiz, Applications of porous media in biological transport modeling, in Modeling of Mass Transport Processes in Biological Media, 2022. Crossref

  9. Ren Dongcheng, Guo Baolei, Li Jiasheng, Guo Shijie, Zhou Bo, Evaluation of the Degree of Interventional Embolization by Measuring Local Arterial Blood Pressure, IEEE Sensors Journal, 22, 23, 2022. Crossref

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