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Critical Reviews™ in Biomedical Engineering

Published 6 issues per year

ISSN Print: 0278-940X

ISSN Online: 1943-619X

SJR: 0.262 SNIP: 0.372 CiteScore™:: 2.2 H-Index: 56

Indexed in

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Physics, Electrophysiology, and Applications

Volume 36, Issue 5-6, 2008, pp. 375-412
DOI: 10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.v36.i5-6.30
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ABSTRACT

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive technique used to stimulate the brain. This review will examine the fundamental principles of physics upon which magnetic stimulation is based, the design considerations of the TMS device, and hypotheses about its electrophysiological effects resulting in neuromodulation. TMS is valuable in neurophysiology research and has significant therapeutic potential in clinical neurology and psychiatry. While TMS can modify neuronal currents in the brain, its underlying mechanism remains unknown. Salient applications are included and some suggestions are outlined for future development of magnetic stimulators that could lead to more effective neuronal stimulation and therefore better therapeutic and diagnostic applications.

CITED BY
  1. Peterchev Angel V., Wagner Timothy A., Miranda Pedro C., Nitsche Michael A., Paulus Walter, Lisanby Sarah H., Pascual-Leone Alvaro, Bikson Marom, Fundamentals of transcranial electric and magnetic stimulation dose: Definition, selection, and reporting practices, Brain Stimulation, 5, 4, 2012. Crossref

  2. Pall Martin L., Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage‐gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects , Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 17, 8, 2013. Crossref

  3. Grehl Stephanie, Viola Helena M., Fuller-Carter Paula I., Carter Kim W., Dunlop Sarah A., Hool Livia C., Sherrard Rachel M., Rodger Jennifer, Cellular and Molecular Changes to Cortical Neurons Following Low Intensity Repetitive Magnetic Stimulation at Different Frequencies, Brain Stimulation, 8, 1, 2015. Crossref

  4. Danner Nils, Könönen Mervi, Säisänen Laura, Laitinen Rita, Mervaala Esa, Julkunen Petro, Effect of individual anatomy on resting motor threshold – Computed electric field as a measure of cortical excitability, Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 203, 2, 2012. Crossref

  5. Davids Joseph, Bharambe Viraj, Ashrafian Hutan, AIM in Clinical Neurophysiology and Electroencephalography (EEG), in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 2021. Crossref

  6. Davids Joseph, Bharambe Viraj, Ashrafian Hutan, AIM in Clinical Neurophysiology and Electroencephalography (EEG), in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 2022. Crossref

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