RT Journal Article ID 38d7706b18b39a0b A1 Oh, Sae Jin A1 Kim, Ji Hyung A1 Min, Chang Ki A1 Chung, Doo Hyun T1 Role of Type II NKT Cells in the Suppression of Graft-versus-Host Disease JF Critical Reviews™ in Immunology JO CRI YR 2008 FD 2008-08-09 VO 28 IS 3 SP 249 OP 267 AB Natural killer T (NKT) cells, a distinct subset of T cells that recognize glycolipids on CD1d molecules, express both TCR and NK receptors and are critical in regulating various immune responses by modulating the Th1/Th2 balance. Upon activation, NKT cells produce large amounts of IL-4 and IFN-γ, resulting in the enhancement or inhibition of immune responses. Recent studies have shown that NKT cells are heterogeneous in terms of the expression of a specific Vα chain of TCR (Vα14-Jα18 in mice and Vα24-JαQ in humans) and reactivity against the glycolipid α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer). Accordingly, NKT cells are classified into type I (invariant) and type II (non-invariant) cells in mice and humans. Although the functional roles of type I NKT cells are well characterized in various immune diseases, little is known regarding the function of type II NKT cells. Recent study has demonstrated that type II NKT cells in donor bone marrow play protective roles in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), in which the complicated immunologic processes are involved. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of GVHD and the distinct functions of type II NKT cells in the development of GVHD. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/2ff21abf44b19838,3ed160d861dcd321,38d7706b18b39a0b.html