RT Journal Article ID 512e7b4610923c6e A1 Smith, Kellie N. A1 Mailliard, Robbie B. A1 Rinaldo, Charles R. T1 Programming T cell Killers for an HIV Cure: Teach the New Dogs New Tricks and Let the Sleeping Dogs Lie JF Onco Therapeutics JO OT YR 2015 FD 2016-05-24 VO 6 IS 1-2 SP 67 OP 77 K1 CTL K1 dendritic cells K1 HIV-1 K1 immunotherapy AB Despite the success of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), a latent viral reservoir persists in HIV-1-infected persons. Unfortunately, endogenous cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are unable to control viral rebound when patients are removed from cART. A "kick and kill" strategy has been proposed to eradicate this reservoir, whereby infected T cells are induced to express viral proteins via latency-inducing drugs followed by their elimination by CTLs. It has yet to be determined if stimulation of existing HIV-1-specific CTL will be sufficient, or if new CTLs should be primed from naive T cells. In this review, we propose that dendritic cells (DCs), the most potent antigen presenting cells, act as dog trainers and can induce T cells (the dogs) to do magnificent tricks. We propose the hypothesis that an HIV-1 cure will require targeting of naive T cells and will necessitate "teaching new dogs new tricks" while avoiding activation of potentially dysfunctional endogenous memory CTLs (letting the sleeping dogs lie). PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/2c6306423483e001,5e042bea1b68dc83,512e7b4610923c6e.html