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Journal of Porous Media

年間 12 号発行

ISSN 印刷: 1091-028X

ISSN オンライン: 1934-0508

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 2.3 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 1.7 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 1 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00067 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.47 SJR: 0.282 SNIP: 0.632 CiteScore™:: 3 H-Index: 42

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Application of a Simple Space-Time Averaged Porous Media Model to Flow in Densely Vegetated Channels

巻 7, 発行 3, 2004, 10 pages
DOI: 10.1615/JPorMedia.v7.i3.30
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Marc R. Hoffmann
Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands

要約

Traditional flow modeling in open channels uses time- averaged turbulence models. These models are valid in clear fluid, but not if dense obstructions are present in the flow field. In this article we show that newly developed flow models can describe open channel flow as flow in a porous medium. Clear fluid models do not take into account drag due to the presence of the obstacles. Flow in rivers, channels, estuaries, and irrigation networks is often obstructed by vegetation, and coarse bedrock. In computer modeling applications, appropriate turbulence resistance models are either absent or empirically based. In this article we develop a space-time averaged form of the Navier-Stokes equations, in order to improve modeling of flow in densely obstructed channels. We use a combination of Reynolds averaging for the turbulent flow and volume averaging in order to take into account the dense obstructions. We show that the obstacle density can be modeled by a porosity term if structural parameters of the vegetation are taken into account. In order to take these into account we develop a representative unit cell (RUC) concept, borrowed from volume averaging in porous media. Inside the RUC, local flow solutions for the Navier-Stokes equations are developed and used as closure terms in the space-time-averaged form of the Navier-Stokes equations. Our expression depends on measurable quantities such as average porosity and average vegetation diameter. It can be used in computational models to include vegetation characteristics directly, instead of approximate resistance factors. As an application, we use our theoretically derived model to compute resistance factors for Manning's equation from the structural properties of the vegetation modeled as a porous medium.

によって引用された

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