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International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms

年間 12 号発行

ISSN 印刷: 1521-9437

ISSN オンライン: 1940-4344

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 1.2 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 1.4 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.3 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00066 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.34 SJR: 0.274 SNIP: 0.41 CiteScore™:: 2.8 H-Index: 37

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Enhanced Release of Immunostimulating β-1,3- Glucan by Autodigestion of the Lingzhi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lingzhi (Agaricomycetes)

巻 19, 発行 1, 2017, pp. 1-16
DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.v19.i1.10
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要約

Ganoderma lingzhi is a widely used medicinal mushroom that has antioxidative effects, ameliorates insulin resistance, and improves quality of life in patients with metabolic syndrome. Potentiation of immunity is also a major function of G. lingzhi, and this has been applied in patients with cancer. Supplementing G. lingzhi into foods reduced the metastasis of cancer cells. β-l,3-glucan is an important bioactive component of G. lingzhi. In this study we enhanced the solubilization ofimmunostimulating β-l,3-glucan by autodigestion of G. lingzhi. Fruiting bodies of G. lingzhi were disrupted and suspended in distilled water, then autodigested at 37°C for 24 hours. The resulting suspension was dried by spray drying. To assess the solubilization of β-l,3-glucan by autodigestion, cold and hot water extracts and sodium hydroxide extracts of G. lingzhi were prepared with and without autodigestion. Sodium hydroxide extracts were neutralized and dialyzed against distilled water. The resulting soluble and precipitated fractions were collected. Chemical, biochemical, and immunochemical characteristics of the extracts were compared. The yields of cold water extracts of autodigested and native G. lingzhi were significantly lower than the other extracts. Glucose was the major sugar component of the hot water extract, cold alkali extract (CAS), and the cold hydroxide extract insoluble in neutral aqueous condition (CASP) of the autodigested and native G. lingzhi. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis revealed branched β-glucans in the hot water extract and CAS of the autodigested and native G. lingzhi. By contrast, the CASP of the autodigested and native G. lingzhi comprised mainly mixtures of linear α-l,3-glucans and linear β-l,3-glucans. Immunostimulation by β-l,3-glucan was examined by limulus factor G activation, dectin-1 binding, and anti-β-glucan antibody binding. Comparing relative activity, immunostimulating β-l,3-glucan was detected in the hot water extract, rather than the CAS, of autodigested and native G. lingzhi. Immunostimulating of β-glucan was also detected in the cold water extract of the autodigested G. lingzhi. These findings demonstrate that autodigestion is a useful processing protocol for enhancing the usefulness of G. lingzhi as a functional food.

によって引用された
  1. Ahmad Md Faruque, Ganoderma lucidum: A Macro Fungus with Phytochemicals and Their Pharmacological Properties, in Plant and Human Health, Volume 2, 2019. Crossref

  2. Adebowale Tolulope O., Yao Kang, Oso Abimbola O., Major cereal carbohydrates in relation to intestinal health of monogastric animals: A review, Animal Nutrition, 5, 4, 2019. Crossref

  3. Ahmad Md Faruque, Ganoderma lucidum: A rational pharmacological approach to surmount cancer, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 260, 2020. Crossref

  4. Zhu Liping, Wu Min, Li Peng, Zhou Yanfei, Zhong Jinyi, Zhang Zhiqiang, Li Ye, Yao Weixi, Xu Jianhua, High-Pressure Supercritical CO2 Extracts of Ganoderma lucidum Fruiting Body and Their Anti-hepatoma Effect Associated With the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway, Frontiers in Pharmacology, 11, 2020. Crossref

  5. Ohno Naohito, Fungal Polysaccharides, in Comprehensive Glycoscience, 2021. Crossref

  6. Wu Lijuan, Zhao Jun, Zhang Xiaonan, Liu Shan, Zhao Chenyang, Antitumor effect of soluble β-glucan as an immune stimulant, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 179, 2021. Crossref

  7. Ohno Naohito, Fungal Beta-glucans: Structure and Effect on Host Immune Responses, YAKUGAKU ZASSHI, 141, 5, 2021. Crossref

  8. Ahmad Md Faruque, Ganoderma lucidum: Persuasive biologically active constituents and their health endorsement, Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 107, 2018. Crossref

  9. Liu Tao, Zhou Jianchuan, Li Wenxiang, Rong Xiaoping, Gao Yan, Zhao Lihong, Fan Yu, Zhang Jianyun, Ji Cheng, Ma Qiugang, Effects of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum on growth performance, antioxidant function and immune response of broilers, Animal Nutrition, 6, 1, 2020. Crossref

  10. Singh Ranjeet, Singh Avneet Pal, Dhingra Gurpaul Singh, Shri Richa, Ganoderma: A Propitious Medicinal Poroid Mushroom, in Bioactive Natural products in Drug Discovery, 2020. Crossref

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