年間 4 号発行
ISSN 印刷: 1521-9429
ISSN オンライン: 1940-4328
Indexed in
Phytoplankton of the Black Sea: geological past, geographic distribution of species and influence of the river flow
要約
Three aspects of the Black Sea are analyzed for the first time: (1) geological past, (2) geographic distribution of species and (3) influence of the river flow. И is shown that the contemporary species diversity of Bacillariophyta and Silicoflagellata has begun to form in the Tertiary period, that of Dinophyta, Chrysophyta and, probably, of Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta - in the Quaternary one. In the composition of 710 species and infraspecific taxa of algae there were found arctic-boreal, bipolar boreal, boreal-tropical, tropical, cosmopolites and endemic species which have been preserved since geological past of the sea. The relationship among species of various geographic distribution varies in different regions of the sea. The boreal species (36 %) and cosmopolites (19.6 %) are arranged on the basis of phytoplankton species diversity, while natives of the north and south latitudes are observed more rarely. The quantity of freshwater taxa and their contribution to the structure of the phytoplankton decrease from the north-western part of the Black Sea to its eastern half.