RT Journal Article ID 1c528fa664b5ac39 A1 Kizaki, Takako A1 Sato, Shogo A1 Shirato, Ken A1 Sakurai, Takuya A1 Ogasawara, Junetsu A1 Izawa, Tetsuya A1 Ohira, Yoshinobu A1 Suzuki, Kenji A1 Ohno, Hideki T1 Effect of Circadian Rhythm on Clinical and Pathophysiological Conditions and Inflammation JF Critical Reviews™ in Immunology JO CRI YR 2015 FD 2015-12-22 VO 35 IS 4 SP 261 OP 275 K1 Circadian rhythm K1 Clock gene K1 Inflammation K1 Immune responses K1 Macrophages AB Circadian rhythms have long been known to regulate numerous physiological processes that vary across the diurnal cycle. The circadian clock system also controls various parameters of the immune system and its biological defense functions, allowing an organism to anticipate daily changes in activity and feeding and the associated risk of infection. Inflammation is an immune response triggered in living organisms in response to external stimuli. The risk of sepsis, an excessive inflammatory response, has been shown to have a diurnal variation. On the other hand, inflammatory responses are emerging to be induced by endogenous factors. Recent studies have suggested that chronic inflammation causes chronic diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, allergies, and aging-related diseases and that proteins encoded by clock genes affect the development of such chronic inflammatory diseases or increase the severity of their symptoms. Therefore, detailed understanding of circadian rhythm effects on inflammatory responses is expected to lead to new strategies for prevention or treatment of inflammatory diseases. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/2ff21abf44b19838,446e9fae25faaa7b,1c528fa664b5ac39.html