RT Journal Article ID 2b53a9fc19210ec7 A1 Sawant, Sourabh A1 Muliana, Anastasia T1 A Multiscale Framework for Analyzing Thermo-Viscoelastic Behavior of Fiber Metal Laminates JF International Journal for Multiscale Computational Engineering JO JMC YR 2009 FD 2009-09-01 VO 7 IS 4 SP 351 OP 370 K1 fiber metal laminates K1 viscoelastic K1 homogenization K1 multiscale framework K1 sublaminate AB Fiber metal laminate (FML) is a multilayered composite system that consists of alternate layers of metal and fiber-reinforced polymers. These composite systems can exhibit timedependent behavior due to the time-dependent responses in one or more of their constituents. The time-dependent behavior is further intensified under the influence of high temperatures and stress levels, resulting in a nonlinear stress- and temperature-dependent viscoelastic response. A multiscale framework is formulated to predict the overall nonlinear time-dependent response of the FML by integrating different constitutive material models of the constituents. The multiscale framework includes a micromechanical model for ply level homogenization. The upper (structural) level uses a layered composite finite element (FE) with multiple integration points through the thickness. The micromodel is implemented at these integration points. It is also possible to develop a sublaminate model for a laminate-level homogenization and integrate it into continuum 3D or shell elements within the FE code. Thermoviscoelastic constitutive models of homogenous orthotropic materials are used at the lowest constituent level, that is, fiber, matrix, and metal. The nonlinear and time-dependent response of the constituents requires the use of suitable correction algorithms (iterations) at various levels of the framework. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/61fd1b191cf7e96f,232871fc3b0df9a5,2b53a9fc19210ec7.html