RT Journal Article ID 6ce3b46d02a1dc41 A1 Bariar, Bhawana A1 Vestal, C. Greer A1 Richardson, Christine T1 Long-Term Effects of Chromatin Remodeling and DNA Damage in Stem Cells Induced by Environmental and Dietary Agents JF Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology JO JEP(T) YR 2013 FD 2013-12-12 VO 32 IS 4 SP 307 OP 327 K1 environmental toxicology K1 epigenetics K1 chromatin remodeling K1 in utero exposure K1 bioflavonoids AB The presence of histones acts as a barrier to protein access; thus chromatin remodeling must occur for essential processes such as transcription and replication. In conjunction with histone modifications, DNA methylation plays critical roles in gene silencing through chromatin remodeling. Chromatin remodeling is also interconnected with the DNA damage response, maintenance of stem cell properties, and cell differentiation programs. Chromatin modifications have increasingly been shown to produce long-lasting alterations in chromatin structure and transcription. Recent studies have shown environmental exposures in utero have the potential to alter normal developmental signaling networks, physiologic responses, and disease susceptibility later in life during a process known as developmental reprogramming. In this review we discuss the long-term impact of exposure to environmental compounds, the chromatin modifications that they induce, and the differentiation and developmental programs of multiple stem and progenitor cell types altered by exposure. The main focus is to highlight agents present in the human lifestyle that have the potential to promote epigenetic changes that impact developmental programs of specific cell types, may promote tumorigenesis through altering epigenetic marks, and may be transgenerational, for example, those able to be transmitted through multiple cell divisions. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/0ff459a57a4c08d0,2ffa0c0e097f11c3,6ce3b46d02a1dc41.html