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ISSN Печать: 2150-3621
ISSN Онлайн: 2150-363X
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REVIEW OF PHOTOVOLTAIC-THERMAL COLLECTORS: AN OVERVIEW OF THE POTENTIAL BEYOND EXPERIMENTAL TESTING
Краткое описание
A review of operation of the photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) collector, as a source of clean energy is presented. Its mode of operation falls into three categories: the PVT water collector, hybrid water/air PVT collector, and of the PVT air collector. Thus, the PVT collector simultaneously generates electricity and a hot fluid (water or air). The performances of practically realized systems, drawn from experiences worldwide, are reported. The PVT water collector has the best performance, being capable of bringing about increases in electricity generation from the PV panel by about 0.7–2.5% while generating hot water of temperatures in the range of 55–60°C; representing approximately a 25°C increase above the ambient water temperature. The major technical constraints are the reducing effect made by glazing on the PV electrical power generation when it is employed to boost the thermal performance of a PVT collector, and the challenge of ensuring that PV cells remain stable for a prolonged period when they are integrated into an absorber. In general, all the categories showed superior performance over the standalone PV system while performing less than the standalone solar thermal collector. Therefore, in its present state, the hot fluid generated can only be used for domestic and agricultural applications. However, energy demand by various sectors of the economy reveals a high potential for it. Therefore, there is a need for further research and development in order to overcome its major technical constraints and the evolution of the standard test procedure to compare its performances with those of the standalone PV and solar thermal systems before it can fully take advantage of its high potentials.
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