Выходит 4 номеров в год
ISSN Печать: 1050-6934
ISSN Онлайн: 1940-4379
Indexed in
Bacterial Diseases of the Skin
Get access
Краткое описание
When considering common bacterial diseases of the skin, rather distinct clinical responses to a variety of bacterial infections have been identified. In these cases, it is the specific site of infection and the attendant inflammatory responses that provide the characteristic clinical picture. When the pyoderma extends just below the stratum corneum, it is called impetigo. Nonbullous impetigo is the most common pediatric skin infection. It usually starts in a traumatized area. The typical lesion begins as an erythematous papule, after which it becomes a unilocular vesicle. When the subcorneal vesicle becomes pustular, it ruptures and eventually becomes a yellow, golden crust that is a hallmark of the disease process. Bullous impetigo is a less common form of impetigo, accounting for fewer than 30% of all impetigo cases. It occurs in infants and is characterized by rapid progression of vesicles to the formation of bullae measuring larger than 5 mm in diameter in previously untraumatized skin. Treatment of nonbullous impetigo must include intervention against the pathogen as well as improvements in the hygiene and living conditions of the patient. A fundamental tenet is to debride the crust (scab) from the wound surface using poloxamer 188. If the lesions are not widespread, topical mupirocin is the treatment of choice. Treatment of bullous impetigo is similar, except that the local cleansing and topical antibiotic must be complemented by systemic antibiotics if there is evidence of disseminating infections.
Ecthyma is usually a consequence of failure to treat effectively impetigo. The untreated infection extends deep into the tissue in shallow ulcerations that often heal without scar. Treatment for ecthyma usually requires systemic antibiotics against either staphylococcus or streptococcus. Folliculitis is a pyoderma located within a hair follicle, secondary to follicular occlusion by keratin, overhydration, or either bacterial or fungal infection. Folliculitis may be divided into either a deep or a superficial type. In the superficial type, the pustule is located at the opening of the hair follicle. In the deep form, the infection may extend beyond the confines of the hair follicle, becoming a furuncle or boil. Carbuncles are aggregates of interconnected furuncles that drain through multiple openings of the skin. Treatment of folliculitis must include searching for and avoiding any factors predisposing to infection. If topical antibiotic therapy is ineffective in controlling the infection, surgical drainage of the infected skin abscess will be necessary.
Paronychia is the most common bacterial infection of the hand, which often requires surgical incisional drainage. Similarly, a felon that is an infection of the distal pulp of a finger usually requires surgical drainage. Fınally, cellulitis is an acute inflammatory reaction involving the skin and underlying subcutaneous tissue. It usually starts as erysipelas and may advance to lymphangitis, lymphadenitis, or gangrene,which will respond to life-saving interventions in the hospital that usually include systemic antibiotic treatment as well as surgical intervention.
-
Faergemann Jan, Dahlén Gunnar, Facial skin infections, Periodontology 2000, 49, 1, 2009. Crossref
-
Paulander Wilhelm, Maisnier-Patin Sophie, Andersson Dan I., Multiple mechanisms to ameliorate the fitness burden of mupirocin resistance in Salmonella typhimurium, Molecular Microbiology, 64, 4, 2007. Crossref
-
Czaika V., Alborova A., Sterry W., Lademann J., Koch S., Application of laser scan microscopy in vivo for wound healing characterization, Laser Physics Letters, 7, 9, 2010. Crossref
-
Patzelt Alexa, Knorr Fanny, Blume-Peytavi Ulrike, Sterry Wolfram, Lademann Jürgen, Hair follicles, their disorders and their opportunities, Drug Discovery Today: Disease Mechanisms, 5, 2, 2008. Crossref
-
Ruocco Eleonora, Donnarumma Giovanna, Baroni Adone, Tufano Maria Antonietta, Bacterial and Viral Skin Diseases, Dermatologic Clinics, 25, 4, 2007. Crossref
-
Brook Itzhak, Microbiology and management of soft tissue and muscle infections, International Journal of Surgery, 6, 4, 2008. Crossref
-
Santiago Sánchez-Mateos J.L., García Millán C., Aboín González S., Jaén Olasolo P., Fiebre y lesiones cutáneas costrosas tras traumatismo local, Revista Clínica Española, 208, 6, 2008. Crossref
-
Tsoraides Steven S., Pearl Richard H., Stanfill Amy B., Wallace Lizabeth J., Vegunta Ravindra K., Incision and loop drainage: a minimally invasive technique for subcutaneous abscess management in children, Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 45, 3, 2010. Crossref
-
Percival Steven L, Emanuel Charlotte, Cutting Keith F, Williams David W, Microbiology of the skin and the role of biofilms in infection, International Wound Journal, 9, 1, 2012. Crossref
-
Olaniyi Reuben, Pozzi Clarissa, Grimaldi Luca, Bagnoli Fabio, Staphylococcus aureus-Associated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Anatomical Localization, Epidemiology, Therapy and Potential Prophylaxis, in Staphylococcus aureus, 409, 2016. Crossref
-
Simkin Daren J., Grossberg Anna L., Cohen Bernard A., Bullous Impetigo Rapid Diagnostic and Therapeutic Quiz: A Model for Assessing Basic Dermatology Knowledge of Primary Care Providers, Pediatric Dermatology, 33, 6, 2016. Crossref
-
Van Gysel Dirk, Infections and skin diseases mimicking diaper dermatitis, International Journal of Dermatology, 55, 2016. Crossref
-
Pecci Matthew, Comeau Douglas, Chawla Veena, Skin Conditions in the Athlete, The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 37, 2, 2009. Crossref
-
Luz Alessandra Rocha, de Souza Pereira da Silva Marina Cristina, de Moura Vergara Renata, Mourão Marina Santos Falci, Lower Limb Ulcers, in Vascular Diseases for the Non-Specialist, 2017. Crossref
-
Bach Harold H., Wang Norby, Eberhardt Joshua M., Common Anorectal Disorders for the Intensive Care Physician, Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, 29, 6, 2014. Crossref
-
Niska Karolina, Zielinska Ewelina, Radomski Marek Witold, Inkielewicz-Stepniak Iwona, Metal nanoparticles in dermatology and cosmetology: Interactions with human skin cells, Chemico-Biological Interactions, 295, 2018. Crossref
-
Grayson Wayne, Infectious diseases of the skin, in McKee's Pathology of the Skin, 2012. Crossref
-
Chirayath Ruth Bright, A. Aparna Viswanathan, Jayakumar R., Biswas Raja, Vijayachandran Lakshmi Sumitra, Development of Mangifera indica leaf extract incorporated carbopol hydrogel and its antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 178, 2019. Crossref
-
Browning John, Levy Moise, Cellulitis and Superficial Skin Infections, in Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Disease, 2008. Crossref
-
Ecthyma, in Diagnostic Pathology: Nonneoplastic Dermatopathology, 2017. Crossref
-
Roy Souvik, Nag Sagnik, Saini Ankita, Choudhury Lopamudra, Association of human gut microbiota with rare diseases: A close peep through, Intractable & Rare Diseases Research, 11, 2, 2022. Crossref
-
Gowda B.H. Jaswanth, Ahmed Mohammed Gulzar, Sahebkar Amirhossein, Riadi Yassine, Shukla Rahul, Kesharwani Prashant, Stimuli-Responsive Microneedles as a Transdermal Drug Delivery System: A Demand-Supply Strategy, Biomacromolecules, 23, 4, 2022. Crossref
-
Paulander Wilhelm, Andersson Dan I, Maisnier-Patin Sophie, Amplification of the Gene for Isoleucyl–tRNA Synthetase Facilitates Adaptation to the Fitness Cost of Mupirocin Resistance in Salmonella enterica , Genetics, 185, 1, 2010. Crossref