Выходит 3 номеров в год
ISSN Печать: 0892-0915
ISSN Онлайн: 2375-0014
Surviving Anoxia: A Tale of Two White Matter Tracts
Краткое описание
Successful axon function is vital to the overall performance of the central nervous system (CNS). White matter (WM) axons are dependent on constant supply of oxygen and glucose to transmit signals with high fidelity. The optic nerve is a pure WM tract composed of completely myelinated axons while corpus callosum (CC) slices contain both gray and WM portions of the brain with a mixture of myelinated and unmyelinated axons. Axon function in both WM tracts is resistant to anoxia with a subset of axons able to survive exclusively on energy generated by glycolysis. In mouse optic nerves (MONs), removal of glucose during anoxia causes complete loss of axon function, implicating glucose as the sole source of energy. In contrast, in rat optic nerve (RON), anoxia causes rapid and complete loss of function. Because RON is about twice the diameter of MON, glucose diffusion during anoxia is inadequate. Increasing bath glucose concentration restores the ability of RON axons to persist during anoxia. Although in 10 mM glucose, MONs and CC slices exhibit identical resistance to anoxia, 30 mM glucose unmasks the greater resistance of CC axons suggesting unmyelinated axons and/or the smallest axons with the thinnest myelin sheath are resistant to anoxia. These results reveal that CNS WM is remarkably tolerant of anoxia although there is regional variability in their ability to function and survive anoxia. To achieve optimal protection of the CNS in various neurological diseases, it is critical to understand the properties of regional energy metabolisms and injury mechanisms for successful therapeutic approaches.
-
Nave Klaus-Armin, Myelination and the trophic support of long axons, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11, 4, 2010. Crossref
-
Chambers Tom W., Daly Timothy P., Hockley Adam, Brown Angus M., Contribution of glycogen in supporting axon conduction in the peripheral and central nervous systems: the role of lactate, Frontiers in Neuroscience, 8, 2014. Crossref
-
Ransom Bruce R., Goldberg Mark P., Arai Ken, Baltan Selva, White Matter Pathophysiology, in Stroke, 2016. Crossref
-
Krnjević Krešimir, Electrophysiology of cerebral ischemia, Neuropharmacology, 55, 3, 2008. Crossref
-
Li Lijun, Velumian Alexander A., Samoilova Marina, Fehlings Michael G., Wenner Peter, A Novel Approach for Studying the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Myelinated and Non-Myelinated Axons in the CNS White Matter, PLOS ONE, 11, 11, 2016. Crossref
-
Brunet Sylvain, Bastian Chinthasagar, Baltan Selva, Ischemic Injury to White Matter: An Age-Dependent Process, in Non-Neuronal Mechanisms of Brain Damage and Repair After Stroke, 2016. Crossref
-
Hopkins Ramona O., Suchyta Mary R., Snow Gregory L., Jephson Al, Weaver Lindell K., Orme James F., Blood glucose dysregulation and cognitive outcome in ARDS survivors, Brain Injury, 24, 12, 2010. Crossref
-
Baltan Selva, Ischemic Injury to White Matter: An Age-Dependent Process, The Neuroscientist, 15, 2, 2009. Crossref
-
Marinelli Lucio, Castelletti Lara, Trompetto Carlo, Isolated Demyelination of Corpus Callosum Following Hypoxia, European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, 5, 1, 2018. Crossref
-
Bastian Chinthasagar, Quinn John, Doherty Christine, Franke Caroline, Faris Anna, Brunet Sylvain, Baltan Selva, Role of Brain Glycogen During Ischemia, Aging and Cell-to-Cell Interactions, in Brain Glycogen Metabolism, 23, 2019. Crossref
-
Farooqui Akhlaq A., Neurochemical Aspects of Ischemic Injury, in Neurochemical Aspects of Neurotraumatic and Neurodegenerative Diseases, 2010. Crossref
-
Baltan Selva, Age-Dependent Mechanisms of White Matter Injury After Stroke, in White Matter Injury in Stroke and CNS Disease, 2014. Crossref
-
Ransom Bruce R., Goldberg Mark P., Arai Ken, Baltan Selva, White Matter Pathophysiology, in Stroke, 2022. Crossref
-
Ransom Bruce R., Goldberg Mark P., Baltan Selva, Molecular Pathophysiology of White Matter Anoxic-Ischemic Injury, in Stroke, 2011. Crossref
-
Bastian Chinthasagar, Zerimech Sarah, Nguyen Hung, Doherty Christine, Franke Caroline, Faris Anna, Quinn John, Baltan Selva, Aging astrocytes metabolically support aging axon function by proficiently regulating astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle, Experimental Neurology, 357, 2022. Crossref