RT Journal Article ID 065eaae15ef20313 A1 Shi, David A1 Jiang, Bing-Hua T1 Antioxidant Properties of Apple Juice and Its Protection Against Cr( VI)-Induced Cellular Injury JF Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology JO JEP(T) YR 2002 FD 2002-09-01 VO 21 IS 3 OP 10 AB Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to cause a broad spectrum of damage to the biological system. ROS-mediated reactions are believed to play a key role in Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis. Using electron spin resonance (ESR) spin trapping, the present study shows that apple juice efficiently scavenged hydroxyl radicals generated by Cr(VI) reduction catalyzed by glutathione reduc-tase/NADPH. Apple juice reduced Cr(VI)-induced lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, cell apoptosis, and NF-kВ activation in human lung epithelial A549 cells. The lipid peroxidation was measured by a colorimetric assay, DNA damage by single cell gel electrophoresis assay, induction of cell apoptosis by flow cytometry, and activation of NF-kВ by luciferase assay. The results show that through its antioxidant properties, apple juice can protect Cr(VI)-induced cellular injury and may help reduce its carcinogenic potential. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/0ff459a57a4c08d0,255a6a8328e9902e,065eaae15ef20313.html