RT Journal Article ID 251e824f5fb393e6 A1 Gorbachev, Anton V. A1 Fairchild, Robert L. T1 Regulation of Chemokine Expression in the Tumor Microenvironment JF Critical Reviews™ in Immunology JO CRI YR 2014 FD 2014-04-02 VO 34 IS 2 SP 103 OP 120 K1 chemokines K1 tumorigenesis K1 cancer therapy AB Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines critical for homeostatic and inflammation-induced trafficking of leukocytes during immune responses, hematopoesis, wound healing, and tumorigenesis. Despite three decades of intensive study of the chemokine network, the molecular mechanisms regulating chemokine expression during tumor growth are not well understood. In this review, we focus on the role of chemokines in both tumor growth and anti-tumor immune responses and on molecular mechanisms employed by tumor cells to regulate chemokine expression in the tumor microenvironment. Multiple mechanisms used by tumors to regulate chemokine production, including those revealed by very recent studies (such as DNA methylation or post-translational nitrosylation of chemokines) are discussed. Concluding the review, we discuss how understanding of these regulatory mechanisms can be used in cancer therapy to suppress tumor growth and/or to promote immune-mediated eradication of tumors. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/2ff21abf44b19838,6fd3c75b68d49e79,251e824f5fb393e6.html