RT Journal Article ID 401f136263fe69da A1 Olson, Craig T1 Current Status of Surgical Intervention for the Management of Rectal Cancer JF Critical Reviews™ in Oncogenesis JO CRO YR 2012 FD 2012-11-21 VO 17 IS 4 SP 373 OP 382 K1 rectal cancer K1 total mesorectal excision K1 laparoscopy K1 robotics K1 abdomino-perineal resection K1 proctectomy AB Surgery for rectal cancer has advanced greatly over the past decade. Our knowledge of total mesorectal excision has led to improved oncologic outcomes. The concept of extralevator abdomino-perineal resection shows promise for reducing recurrence rates in tumors of the low rectum and anal canal. Once popular, local excision of rectal tumors has now been shown to have largely unacceptable recurrence rates. Minimally invasive techniques of laparoscopic and robotic surgery are technically feasible, and promise decreased complications in the future. Finally, new colonoscopic and endoscopic techniques offer alternatives for those unfit for surgery. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/439f422d0783386a,7bed03d90bc1b33a,401f136263fe69da.html