RT Journal Article
ID 42d7d20b48012819
A1 Doyle, D. John
T1 An Introduction to Bioethics and Ethical Theory
JF Ethics in Biology, Engineering and Medicine: An International Journal
JO EBEM
YR 2010
FD 2010-08-14
VO 1
IS 1
SP 19
OP 41
K1 Belmont Report
K1 Declaration of Helsinki
K1 deontological ethics
K1 Kantian ethics
K1 Hippocratic Oath
K1 informed consent
K1 medical futility
K1 Nuremberg Code
K1 principlism
K1 research ethics
K1 therapeutic privilege
K1 utilitarian ethics
K1 virtue ethics
AB This paper presents an overview of the field of bioethics and its theoretical foundations, focusing on a number of issues likely to be of interest to the journal's readership. The origins of medical ethics are discussed starting with reference to the Hippocratic Oath. The need for formal codes regarding the ethical conduct of human subjects research is shown to have been motivated, at least in part, by some of the Nazi medical experiments. The paper then presents a brief synopsis of the Kantian and utilitarian approaches to ethics, and their generalization into deontological and consequentialist approaches. The four principles behind principlism (respect for autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice) are then discussed. Also discussed are some of the issues in choosing a good moral theory, various aspects of informed consent, the doctrine of double effect, and the concept of therapeutic privilege. Also, we provide some examples of real-life bioethical dilemmas that have resulted in important legal precedents.
PB Begell House
LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/6ed509641f7324e6,59d12e9542a92870,42d7d20b48012819.html