RT Journal Article ID 6a81b9656a0c2b14 A1 Saeid, Nawaf H. T1 Conjugate Natural Convection in a Porous Enclosure Sandwiched by Finite Walls under Thermal Nonequilibrium Conditions JF Journal of Porous Media JO JPM YR 2008 FD 2007-12-24 VO 11 IS 3 SP 259 OP 275 AB Conjugate natural convection in a thermal nonequilibrium vertical porous layer sandwiched between two equal thickness walls is studied numerically in this article. The horizontal heating is considered, where the outer surfaces of the vertical walls are isothermal at different temperatures with adiabatic horizontal boundaries. The governing parameters considered are the ratio of the wall thickness to its height (D), the wall to fluid thermal conductivity ratio (Rk), and the Rayleigh number (Ra). Two additional parameters arise if the local thermal nonequilibrium model is considered. They are the porosity-scaled thermal conductivity ratio for the porous media (Kr) and the heat transfer coefficient parameter (H). A parametric study is carried out to show the effect of these parameters on the heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics. The numerical results are presented in terms of average Nusselt number for fluid, solid, and wall in addition to the isotherms and flow patterns with different values of these parameters. The total (effective) average Nusselt number is based on the average heat transfer and the arithmetic mean (effective) thermal conductivity of the porous medium. The variations of the total average Nusselt number with Rayleigh number are presented for different values of other parameters. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/49dcde6d4c0809db,069ec6d77afbdea4,6a81b9656a0c2b14.html