每年出版 12 期
ISSN 打印: 0040-2508
ISSN 在线: 1943-6009
Indexed in
Nonlinear Mechanisms of Formation of Large-scale Vortices in Atmospheres of Planets
摘要
Methods of the nonlinear dynamics of plasma in a magnetic field are applied to the explanation of the formation of long-lived vortex structures in atmospheres of large planets caused by the fall of large meteorites. Evolutions of perturbations in the Jupiter's atmosphere, which are formed due to collisions with large fragments of the ShoemakerLevy 9 comet, are considered as an example. A mechanism is proposed that explains the observable vortex structure, power characteristics, and linear dimensions of traces produced by interaction of the comet debris with the atmosphere. Simplified equations of the evolution of large-scale vortices in shallow, horizontally nonuniform atmosphere are derived that take into account (latitude) irregularities of a zonal wind and effects of viscosity and thermoconductivity. It is shown that the evolution of vortex structure essentially depends on the velocity field of the zonal wind in the area where a fragment of the comet falls. The threshold energy of initial perturbation is estimated, at which large-scale, long-lived vortices start to arise.