每年出版 8 期
ISSN 打印: 2150-3621
ISSN 在线: 2150-363X
Indexed in
OPTIMAL DESIGN OF AN OFF-GRID SOLAR AND WIND POWERED HYBRID EV-HFCV CHARGING STATION
摘要
In this paper, a hybrid charging/refueling station for electric vehicles (EVs) and hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles (HFCVs) is proposed. The proposed station is fully electrified by a renewable energy system comprised of wind turbines and a photovoltaic (PV) battery system. Daily charging patterns for both EVs and HFCVs are used to investigate the performance of the station. The model of the proposed charging system was developed in the HOMER Pro software program to investigate the technical and economical viability of the system. Based on the charging pattern of the energy required by the system, it was observed that wind turbines produce more electrical energy compare to the PV system: over 89% of the electrical energy demand was generated by wind turbines followed by 10.1% generated by the PV system. Furthermore, it was observed that some hydrogen surplus was available since the fuel cell contributed 0.412% of the power required. The station produced 9680 kg of hydrogen yearly, with 76% servicing the hydrogen load of 14 HFCVs at a levelized cost of hydrogen production of US$3.20/kg. Economically, it was observed that the capital investment and the total costs associated with the PV system were higher than those of the wind turbines. The levelized cost of energy was found to be US$0.369/kW·h, while the city charges US$0.33/k·Wh. However, additional costs payable to the city make the off-grid system more favorable.
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