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International Symposium on Imaging in Transport Processes.
May, 25-29, 1992, Athens, Greece

DOI: 10.1615/ICHMT.1992.IntSympImgTranspProc


ISBN Print: 978-1-56700-012-2

MEASUREMENT OF REGIONAL PHYSIOLOGIC PROCESSES IN THE HUMAN HEART USING POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY

pages 577-586
DOI: 10.1615/ICHMT.1992.IntSympImgTranspProc.530
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摘要

Positron emission tomography (PET) permits the in vivo application of tracer kinetic principles as a tool widely employed throughout the biological sciences. With this ability, the noninvasive measurement of regional functional processes in the human heart has now become possible. Tracer amounts of compounds labeled with positron emitting isotopes of elements such as oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and fluorine as major constituents of living matter are administered intravenously or by inhalation. Given the high temporal resolution of modem PET scanners, the arterial tracer input function and the myocardial tissue response to it can be quantified noninvasively from serially acquired images. The high spatial resolution capability permits to derive from these images the true tracer activity concentrations in tissue and their time dependent changes. Tracer kinetic models are then fitted to the externally recorded signal. As these tracer kinetic models relate the time dependent changes in the tracer label concentrations to the metabolic fate of the tracer label and, further, to the process to be studied, regional estimates of myocardial blood flow and of intermediary substrate metabolism can be obtained. Because of the relatively short physical half-life of positron emitting isotopes, different aspects of myocardial tissue function can be explored and quantified almost simultaneously. Provided that the study conditions remain constant over the time of the measurements, the noninvasive estimates of different aspects of tissue function can be related to each other. For example, near simultaneous measurements of regional myocardial blood flow, oxygen consumption (MVO2) and substrate utilization offer an opportunity to quantify the relationship between substrate delivery, transmembranous transport processes and intracellular substrate utilization. Furthermore, as modem PET scanners interrogate the entire left ventricular (LV) myocardium, the spatial distribution and heterogeneity of these processes in the normal and diseased myocardium can be mapped and evaluated.

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